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This guide explores essential literary terms such as plot, conflict, and theme, essential for understanding storytelling. The plot typically follows a structure involving exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. Discover the significance of various conflicts—both internal and external—and how they drive narratives. Gain insights into the importance of point of view, allusion, suspense, foreshadowing, setting, and mood. Together, these elements create captivating stories that resonate with readers and convey deeper meanings.
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Plot • The Plot is what happens in the story. Each plot follows basically the same pattern – exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.
Exposition • Exposition introduces the main characters, the setting, and sometimes the conflict. Remember setting refers to both time and place.
Rising Action • Rising action increases tension and builds conflict.
Climax • The climax is the point of greatest interest
Falling Action • Falling action shows the result of the climax and brings the story to a close.
Resolution • The time when conflicts are settled.
Point of View • POV is the vantage point from which a story is told. • 1st person – the story is told by one of the characters. • 3rd person – the story is told by a narrator who stands outside the story and observes the events as they unfold.
Conflict • Conflict is a struggle between opposing forces. There two kinds of conflict. • Internal conflict – struggle within yourself about a problem • External conflict – your struggle against someone or some thing
Conflict #2 • There are five types of conflict – • Person vs. person • Person vs. society • Person vs. nature • Person vs. self • Person vs. fate
Allusion • Allusion is a reference to a famous person, place, or thing. (example: Garden of Eden)
Suspense Suspense makes growing tension develop; writers use suspense to keep readers’ attention.
Foreshadowing • Foreshadowing is a hint of what is going to happen.
Setting • Remember setting includes time and place – • Time – Big time (the year, decade, etc.); Small time (afternoon, Christmas Day, etc.) • Setting – Place. You will have Big Setting (Venus) and Small Setting (a school)
Theme • The theme is what the story is about – NOT what happens. For example, the theme of “Priscilla and the Wimps” is standing up for yourself or bullying.
Mood • Mood is the feeling that a literary work gives to readers. Writers use words, phrases, and images to create mood.