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Research Laboratory Safety Training

Research Laboratory Safety Training. Industrial Hygienist Baltimore VAMC Mac Morgan. OVERVIEW. Chemical Safety Guidelines: Hazard Communication – Labeling/SDS Chemical Storage Compatibility Personal Protective Equipment Emergency Eyewash and Shower Operation Laboratory Hoods

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Research Laboratory Safety Training

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  1. Research Laboratory Safety Training Industrial Hygienist Baltimore VAMC Mac Morgan

  2. OVERVIEW • Chemical Safety Guidelines: • Hazard Communication – Labeling/SDS • Chemical Storage Compatibility • Personal Protective Equipment • Emergency Eyewash and Shower Operation • Laboratory Hoods • Compressed Gases/Cryogens • Fire Alarm system, Emergency fire procedures, building compartmentation and fire extinguishers

  3. Hazard CommunicationOSHA 1910.1200 OSHA’s – Right to know Law Maintaining Chemical Inventories Labeling/ Signage Safety Data Sheets

  4. Hazard CommunicationLabeling REQUIREMENTS for Shipped Containers- • Product identifier • Signal word • Hazard statement(s) • Pictogram(s) • Precautionary statement(s) • Name, address, and telephone number of the chemical manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party

  5. Hazard CommunicationLabels REQUIREMENTS for Workplace Labels- • The information specified for labels on shipped containers • Product identifier and words, pictures, symbols, or combination thereof, which provide at least general information regarding the hazards of the chemicals, and which, in conjunction with the other information immediately available to employees under the hazard communication program, will provide employees with the specific information regarding the physical and health hazards of the hazardous chemical.

  6. OSHA Laboratory Standard 1910.1450 Employers shall ensure that labels on incoming containers of hazardous chemicals are not removed or defaced. Employers shall maintain any safety data sheets that are received with incoming shipments of hazardous chemicals, and ensure that they are readily accessible to laboratory employees. Chemical substances developed in the laboratory: the employer shall determine if it is a hazardous chemical as defined in paragraph (b) of this section. If the chemical is determined to be hazardous, the employer shall provide appropriate training If the chemical substance is produced for another user outside of the laboratory, the employer shall comply with the Hazard Communication Standard.

  7. Hazard CommunicationLabels • Pictogram: a symbol plus other graphic elements, such as a border, background pattern, or color that is intended to convey specific information about the hazards of a chemical. Each pictogram consists of a different symbol on a white background within a red square frame set on a point (i.e. a red diamond). There are nine pictograms under the GHS. However, only eight pictograms are required under the HCS.

  8. Hazard Communication - Labels • Signal words: a single word used to indicate the relative level of severity of hazard and alert the reader to a potential hazard on the label. The signal words used are "danger" and "warning." "Danger" is used for the more severe hazards, while "warning" is used for less severe hazards. • Hazard Statement: a statement assigned to a hazard class and category that describes the nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical, including, where appropriate, the degree of hazard. • Precautionary Statement: a phrase that describes recommended measures to be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous chemical, or improper storage or handling of a hazardous chemical.

  9. Hazard Communication Safety Data Sheets Must be “readily available” in the employee’s work area Must be in English, in GHS format and contain GHS specific information Safety Data Sheets can be found on the following link http://vaww.ceosh.med.va.gov/ceosh/MSDS.shtml.

  10. Hazard CommunicationSafety Data Sheets 1 2 3

  11. Hazard Communication OSHA 1910.1200 Safety Data Sheets Must Include: (Mandatory) Identification- name Hazard(s) Identification Composition/Information on Ingredients First Aid Measures Fire Fighting Measures Accidental Release Measures Handling and Storage Exposure Controls/ Personal Protection Physical and Chemical Properties Stability/ Reactivity Toxicological Information Other information, including date of preparation or last revision

  12. Hazard CommunicationSafety Data Sheets Safety Data Sheets Include: (Non-Mandatory) Ecological information Disposal considerations Transport information Regulatory information

  13. Chemical Storage • Refer to the “VA Baltimore Research Service – Chemical Storage Guidelines” and the SDS for each chemical. • Chemicals should not be stored on the floor. Protect containers from punctures and/or leaks. Use secondary containment. • Flammable liquids should be stored in Flammable Storage Cabinets

  14. Chemical Storage • Do not store chemicals in fume hoods, this prevents proper ventilation. • Chemicals being stored in research common rooms (111, 127, 121, 103, 104), must have room number and PI name written on the container.

  15. Chemical Storage • Incompatible materials MUST ALWAYS BE STORED SEPERATELY: • Flammables/Combustible (ignitable) • Corrosives (Acids/bases) • Oxidizers • Poisons/Toxics • Oxidizing Acids: Store separate from each other and all other chemicals including other acids

  16. Hierarchy of Exposure Controls Engineering Controls • Fume-hoods, BSCs, Dilution ventilation Administrative Controls • Limiting access, Limiting duration of exposure Personal Protective Equipment • Gloves, Earplugs, Lab coats

  17. Eyes RespiratoryTract (Inhalation) Ingestion Skin (Absorption) Injection Personal Protective Equipment • USE THE PROPER PERSONAL ROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) TO PREVENT EXPOSURE VIA THE VARIOUS ROUTES

  18. Personal Protective Equipment • Do not wear gloves or other potentially contaminated PPE into public areas such as cafeteria, corridors or elevators to ensure that these areas are not contaminated. • You may need to place materials into secondary containers so that they can be transported without gloves.

  19. Sharps Usage and Disposal • Sharps should always be disposed of in sharps containers. Sharps containers are puncture resistant NOT puncture proof. • Never overfill sharps containers • Sharps containers should be stored in a manner to prevent them from knocked over • Razor blades should be placed sharps containers after use and not left on benchtops or other areas.

  20. Emergency Eyewash Operation

  21. Emergency Eyewash Operation • The operation of the eyewash unit will be checked by the user weekly, see VAMHCS Policy 512-138/ENG-030 Inspection Testing of Emergency Eyewash 6/2008 • The eyewash will be engaged for 60 seconds. • The water turbidity and flow rate will be observed. (Water should be clear and flowing at a rate that the two water streams converge) • Findings will be recorded on the Eye Wash Log. • Weekly flushing removes sediment and potentially microbes from the eyewash nozzle heads.

  22. Emergency Shower Activation • Activate shower for a few seconds • The shower is easily activated and remains on without the use of the operator’s hands • The flow of fluid is clear after flushing • The fluid temperature is constant and tepid • The shower delivers a steady, low-pressure, stream of fluid • The flow continues until the mechanism is returned to its resting position

  23. Emergency Shower Operation Research Emergency Shower Locations research services 3C-114 research services 3C-118 research services 3C-128 research services 3C-136 research services 3C-105 research services 3C-107 research services 3D-100 research services 3D-105 research services BB-109 research services BB-123 research services BB-140

  24. LABORATORY HOODS • Chemical fume-hoods – designed to protect the employees from chemical exposures https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q2Pp3wge2j8 • Benchtop filtered hoods – Typically will have a activated charcoal filter to absorb chemical vapors.

  25. LABORATORY HOODS • Clean Air Benches– HEPA filtered, Designed to protect materials from contamination- NOT Employee • Dead Air Boxes – Designed to protect products from air currents and to provide splash protection.

  26. LABORATORY HOODS • Biosafety Cabinets- HEPA filtered and designed to protect employees from biological pathogens. May be exhausted in the room or to exterior o the building. Class I Class II 1A, 2A, 1B, and 2B Class III

  27. Laboratory Safety – Biosafety Cabinets • Confirm that hood certification is current • Move arms in and out of cabinet slowly to limit disruption of air curtain • Wear appropriate personal protective equipment • Avoid use of large equipment or extra materials in hood • Collect materials for disposal inside the hood to avoid removing your hands from the hood to often. • Use aseptic techniques to reduce splatter or aerosol generation • Decontaminate infectious agent contact areas immediately. Do not wait until the end of shift. • Decontaminate materials before removing from hood and then interior surfaces

  28. COMPRESSED GAS CYLINDERS H-Size Cylinders 175 Pounds. 2,000 to 2,640 psig (some to 6,000 psig). Wall Thickness of About 1/4 Inch. 57 Inches Tall. 9 Inches In Diameter. Easily Toppled

  29. COMMON TYPES OF GASES Oxidizers: Must not be used in contact with oils, greases or other hydrocarbons. Flammables: Must not be exposed to open flames, sparks or arcs including static electricity, hot surfaces or oxidizers. Store 20 Ft. away from oxygen/oxidizers or separated by a minimum 30 minute fire wall. Non-Flammables: Must not be allowed to displace air in confined work spaces so that there is insufficient oxygen for breathing.

  30. Compressed Gas Cylinders PRINCIPAL HAZARDS: Extremely High Pressure - Have Flown Over a Half Mile Penetrated Brick Walls https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z_Jk_Wlmvbc Toxicity Reactivity Instability Flammability Asphyxiation- Can Displace Oxygen

  31. CYLINDER USE Gas cylinders must be secured at all times to prevent tipping. The valve spindle key should remain on the stem while the cylinder is in service. The threads on cylinder valves, regulators and other fittings should be examined to ensure they correspond and are undamaged. Cylinders should be placed with the valve accessible at all times. The main cylinder valve should be closed as soon as it is no longer necessary that it be open (i.e., it should never be left open when the equipment is unattended or not operating).

  32. STORAGE • Do not store near elevators, walkways, building egresses, unprotected platform edges, or in locations where heavy moving objects may strike or fall on them.

  33. CYLINDER STORAGE Cylinders must be stored up right. Use valve cap for unused cylinders. Secure above midpoint to prevent toppling or use specifically designed base. Gases must be stored with like gases. Full and empty cylinders should be separated and labeled The oldest material must be used first. Some gases must always be shaded from sun or heat.

  34. TRANSPORTINGGAS CYLINDERS Never use magnetic lifting devices. Never lift by valves or cylinder caps. Never roll, drag, or slide the cylinder. Always use a specifically designed hand-truck or cart Cradles, ropes, chains, or slings are prohibited from use unless lugs or lifting attachments are provided by the manufacturer.

  35. OXIDIZING GASES Oxygen and oxidizers can be deadly. Cleanliness is absolutely essential!!! Keep oil, grease, and other hydrocarbons away! Separate from combustible materials. Oxygen can “fuel enrich” permeable materials. Oxygen enriched materials

  36. SPECIFIC TYPES OF GASES • INERT GASES: Can displace oxygen leading to asphyxiation. SCBA or airline systems must be used. Oxygen content below 19 percent is dangerous. Common highly inert gases include: - Argon - Carbon Dioxide - Helium - Neon - Nitrogen - Xenon

  37. SPECIFIC TYPES OF GASES • CRYOGENIC LIQUEFIED GASES: • Extremely low temperatures. • Usually below - 238F (- 150C). • Handled in heavily insulated containers. • Insulated containers minimize evaporation. • Proper operation of venting systems is essential. • High expansion rate on vaporization. • Can cause extreme bodily damage on contact. • Personal protective equipment must be utilized.

  38. LOX CRYOGENIC LIQUEFIED GASES • Avoid skin and eye contact. • Use appropriate cryogenic gloves, sleeves and aprons. • Always use appropriate eye protection. • Use only hardware designed for cryogenics. • Pain is not immediate. • Tissue solidifies over time. • Blood circulation is arrested. • Serious skin burns may result. • Blood clots are highly probable. • Skin highly vulnerable to infection. • Flush with tepid water.

  39. CRYOGENIC GASES Rate of Expansion Carbon Dioxide (Dry Ice) 1-554 (technically not a cryogen) Liquid Nitrogen 1-694 Liquid Oxygen 1-875

  40. CRYOGENIC GASES • Store only in approved containers or vessels with proper venting devices • Do not store in enclosed containers such as refrigerators or sealed containers

  41. FOR MORE INFORMATION • www.OSHA.gov • Guide to Safe Handling of Compressed Gases, Matheson • Handbook of Compressed Gases, Compressed Gas Association • Gas Data Book, Matheson

  42. Laboratory safety – Electrical hazards • Do not use faulty electrical equipment or equipment with damaged cords. Inspect equipment prior to use. • Protect cords from damage during use • Do not use extension cords as a substitute for permanent wiring. • Make sure Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI’s) are used near sinks. Periodically test GFCI’s. • Do not plug or unplug energized equipment with wet hands. • In the event of electrocution, DO NOT TOUCH VICTIM. Know the location of switches and electrical panels to de-energize circuits first. • Electrical panels should always be immediately accessible and never be blocked

  43. Laboratory Safety – Animal Handling • Procedures performed only by trained personnel • Persons working with animals or their unfixed tissues must read - VA Occupational Health & Safety Program/Plan for Those with Laboratory Animal Contact, have initial physical examination, and fill out the related animal allergy questionnaire • Keep doors holding research animals closed • Latex, nitrile, or natural rubber gloves are to be worn to handle live animals or their unfixed tissues • Restrict operations that generate aerosols to biological safety cabinets • Clean up spills immediately

  44. Fire Safety R- Remove A- Alarm C- Contain E- Extinguish or Evacuate

  45. Elevators • Do not use elevators in buildings that are in alarm. • Use the stairs or exit to a connecting building.

  46. Fire Safety Design/Construction of Hospital- The hospital contains fire-rated walls and doors. This helps to contain smoke and/or fire for a given period of time and allows the patients and staff to defend in place. • Engineering Controls: • Fire detection system • Smoke/heat • Fire suppression system • Sprinkler/ Special • Fire alarm system • Communication • Bells/Auto/Code Red, location

  47. Fire Extinguishers • P- Pull • A- Aim • S- Squeeze • S- Sweep

  48. Contact Information • VA Safety Department: BT Industrial Hygienist Fred Morgan Frederick.morgan@va.gov (410) 605-7000 ext. 6024 PP Industrial Hygienist Rob Johnson Robert.F.Johnson@va.gov (410) 642-2411 ext. 4014 • Chemical Hygiene Officer: Grazyna Zaidel Grazyna.Zaidel@va.gov RM 3C-110 (410) 605-7000 ext. 6518

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