Operating, Calibrating, and Maintaining Feed Handling Systems

1. Operating, Calibrating, and Maintaining Feed Handling Systems Lesson 8

2. Next Generation Science/Common Core Standards Addressed! • CCSS.ELA Literacy. RST.9‐10.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to the precise details of explanations or descriptions. • CCSS.ELA Literacy. RST.9‐10.7 Translate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text into visual form (e.g., a table or chart) and translate information expressed visually or mathematically (e.g., in an equation) into words. • CCSS.ELA Literacy.RST.11‐12.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to important distinctions the author makes and to any gaps or inconsistencies in the account. • CCSS.ELA Literacy. RST.11‐12.3 Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks; analyze the specific results based on explanations in the text • HSSIC.A.1 Understand statistics as a process for making inferences about population parameters based on a random sample from that population. (HS‐LS2‐6)

3. Bell Work / Student Learning Objectives • What Factors should you consider when building feeders in your shop class? • Describe the operation of feed handling systems. • Explain the calibration of feed handling systems. • Describe the maintenance of feed handling systems.

4. Terms • The following terms are presented in the lesson. • Forage • Palatability • Pneumatic • Roughage

5. Interest Approach • Who works for someone who has livestock or owns their on livestock? • Where does the feed for these animals come from? • What type of equipment is used to deliver feed to livestock? • Is there much maintenance with feed handling equipment?

6. Feeding Roughages! • Loose hay, bales and stacks, • Commonly fed in self-feeders or spread on ground, • Self feeding causes high feed losses often up to 50% • Trampling causes natural vegetation loss • Feed losses can be as low as 5 - 10% by controlling access

7. Feeding Silage, Haylage, Dry Chopped Hay • Most efficient with the use of a feeder (bunk) made of wood, concrete, steel, or rubber. • Feeders hold feed for storage and while it is eaten. They may also protect feed from the weather.

9. Fence line bunks • Located on side of a feedlot. • Filled with side unloader from a wagon or truck. • Can be filled without going into lot. • Requires twice as long bunk as a bunk that feeds from both sides.

10. Mechanical Bunks • Allows feeding from both sides of bunks. • Can be used to divide lots. • Reduces feeding time and labor by using mechanical power. • More expensive than fence line bunks. • Need to cover bunks to protect equipment. • Need a backup system in times of power outages.

11. Portable bunks • Allows feeding from both sides. • Mobile.

12. Feeding Energy & Protein Supplements • Examples • Corn • Cotton Seed meal/cake • Recommend these be fed in bunk or self-feeder. • Can be fed in the same bunk as the roughages.

13. Maintaining and buildingSelf-feeders & bunks! • Drainage holes need to be present to remove rainwater. • Drain holes can’t be to large or it will result if feed loss. • May be wood or metal structures.

14. Advantages of Self-feeders & bunks • Palatability • feed tastes good to the animal • feed with greatest palatability in eaten within 4 days • feed is offered free choice so animal can eat as much as it wants

15. Feed Centers • Provides for receiving, drying, storing, unloading, elevating, and conveying • provides also for processing grain and additives

16. Feed Processing • Involves grinding grain, weighing or metering ingredients, mixing ingredients, and delivery of feed

17. Batch Feed Processing • Involves weighing, grinding, and mixing individual ingredients in batches. • Usually not automatic, although some steps may be automated.

18. Portable grinder mixers • Versatile • Collect ingredients from several locations. • Process this feed in batches. • Grinding, mixing, and delivery are done by one machine.

19. Stationary mills with mixers • Offers good control over feed composition. • Wagon or truck delivers the completed feed to bulk tank or self-feeder. • pneumatic system • systems that convey by airstream

20. Stationary mills with mixers • Large swine operations, feed is delivered by high capacity pneumatic systems or by high capacity overhead conveyors. • Pneumatic systems are convenient but have high-energy requirements.

21. Feed handling systems • Designed to be efficient and convenient. • All steps in feed handling and processing operations require close monitoring.

22. Initial Settings • Rations require accuracy in metering, processing, grinding, and mixing ingredients. • Initial settings for equipment can be found using tables provided by equipment manufacturer.

23. Testing to insure quality • Send in samples to test that the feed contains proper quantities of nutrients and additives. • If feed is not ground sufficiently or ground too much, change the screen in the mill.

24. Dispensing Feed • Dispensing feed in bunks, effort and care must be taken to spread the material evenly throughout the entire bunk.

25. Feeder Settings • Daily observations can tell if the feeders are set properly. • Excess feed around feeder the setting is open to much. • If feed is completely cleaned up, not enough of an opening is present.

26. Objective #3Describe the maintenance of feed handling systems. • How are feed handling systems maintained?

27. Feed handling systems • To function properly, proper maintenance of equipment must be followed. • Adequate and timely adjustments, repair, lubrication, protection from weather, and proper clean-up determine life of equipment.

28. How are feed handling systems operated? How are feed handling systems calibrated? How are feed handling systems maintained? Review

29. The end!