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World War One

World War One. Start of World War One. Causes of WWI Imperialism Nationalism Alliance System Militarism. Start of World War One. The southeastern region of Europe was known as a “powder keg” Many national groups in the region tried to break free from Austria-Hungary.

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World War One

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  1. World War One

  2. Start of World War One • Causes of WWI • Imperialism • Nationalism • Alliance System • Militarism

  3. Start of World War One • The southeastern region of Europe was known as a “powder keg” • Many national groups in the region tried to break free from Austria-Hungary

  4. Start of World War One • War Begins • June 28, 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to Austro-Hungarian throne) is assassinated by GavriloPrincip

  5. Start of World War One • Austria Hungary accused Serbia of the assassination and declared war • The alliance system quickly drew more countries into the war

  6. Start of World War One Allied Powers (Triple Entente) Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire • Britain • France • Russia

  7. The Deadliest War • Both sides thought it would be a quick victory, but reality quickly set in • A stalemate started on the Western Front and the battle would drag on for 3 years without either side gaining a clear victory • The Western Front saw the use of trench warfare

  8. The Deadliest War • New Technology made the war more lethal • Airplanes • Armored tanks • Machine Guns • Poison Gas

  9. American Neutrality • President Woodrow Wilson wanted to keep the U.S. out of the war. • Americans were split on who to side with

  10. American Neutrality • American businesses sold supplies to both sides, but a majority of trading was to the Allies and Britain

  11. American Neutrality • The Lusitania • German U-boats practiced unrestricted warfare • May 7, 1915 a U-boat sank A British passenger ship the Lusitania • 1,200 people died (128 were Americans)

  12. U.S. Enters The War • Wilson won reelection in 1916 and promised to keep the U.S. out of the war • However, Germany kept using its unrestricted warfare

  13. U.S. Enters The War • Zimmermann Telegram • Britain intercepted a telegram from Germany to Mexico • Arthur Zimmermann (German Foreign Minister) proposed that Mexico enter the war on Germany’s side and attack the U.S. • In return Germany would help Mexico get back New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona • Soon after the U.S. entered the war (April 6, 1917)

  14. U.S. Enters The War • Russian Revolution • Military defeats and food shortages led to an uprising in Russia • The tsar was removed, which made it easier for the U.S. to enter the war because they would not be siding with a tyrant

  15. Building the Military • The U.S. had a very large navy, but a small army (only 125,000 men) • The U.S. had to mobilize quickly in order to be able to contribute to the war effort

  16. Building the Military • The U.S. did have men volunteer for service, but not enough and they had to institute a draft • Selective Service Act was passed and it required men between the ages of 21 and 30 to register for military draft • By war’s end almost four million Americans had served

  17. Building the Military • Women in the Military • Women were not subject to the draft • More than 30,000 women volunteered for service and were nurses or performed clerical work

  18. Building the Military • A diverse force • About one in five recruits had been born in foreign lands • About 380,000 African Americans also served during the war • Served in all black units • African Americans were mainly held out of combat roles and instead were forced to unload ships, work in kitchens, or construction

  19. Managing the War Effort • Managing Food Supplies • Herbert Hoover was chosen to head the new Food Administration • He had to assure adequate food supplies for both civilians and troops • Hoover urged Americans to conserve valuable food resources • Americans observed “wheatless Mondays,” and “meatless Tuesdays” • Many grew their own “victory gardens”

  20. Managing the War Effort • Producing for War • The war increased demands on American industries • Government ordered two million rifles and 130 million pairs of socks • The War Industries Board was set up to oversee production

  21. Managing the War Effort • Finding Workers • War brought a Labor Shortage • Men went to war and immigration declined • In order to fill jobs, businesses turned to women and African Americans to do the work

  22. Shaping Public Opinion • Calling on Patriotism • President Wilson created the Committee on Public Information, which was to deliver patriotic speeches at places like movie theaters and ball parks • Also created pro-war cartoons and posters

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