Next Steps in Reducing the Impact of Transport on Climate Change

1. Next Steps in Reducing the Impact of Transport on Climate Change Charles Melhuish ADB Climate Change Mitigation in the Transport Sector 24-25 May, 2006

2. Next steps • Develop a joint ADB – CAI-Asia program which would include: • Promotion of unified core set of monitoring parameters • Methodology development for measuring policy related GHG and associated emission reductions in transport sector • Strategic assessment and implementation plan in Chinese, Indian and Vietnamese City • Policy Dialogue • Life Cycle Analysis for biofuels in Asia (ethanol and biodiesel) • Capacity building on integrated approach on GHG and emission reduction in the transport sector • Awareness raising on GHG in the transport sector

3. Unified core set of monitoring parameters • What are the parameters that should be monitored on a regular basis with respect to GHG and transport in Asia: • Vehicle numbers? • Technology standards? • Vehicle use – drive cycles? • Driving behavior? • Maintenance levels? • Geographical scale for which indicators are collected and reported • Use same units and time periods to report on indicators • Institutional capacity to collect, document and maintain indicators

4. CO2 Impact Assessment Methodology for the transport sector • We encourage policy makers in Asia to develop transport policies which take GHG and emissions into considerations • Policy makers find it hard to assess or predict the GHG and emission impact of different policy options and interventions • Emphasis is on development of a methodology to assess the impact of various GHG and associated emission reductions in transport sector • This component will not go down to the level of CDM methodology development

5. Case studies and pilot projects • Strategic assessment and implementation plan for Chinese, Indian and Vietnamese City • Include data collection, e.g. inventories • Make policy development and identification of interventions part of the project • Candidate cities: • Political commitment and willingness to contribute • Relatively self contained – limited leakage and intrusion • Availability of basic data sets or potential to develop in relatively short time span • Case studies and pilot projects to be implemented with aid of partner organizations

6. Policy Dialogue • Develop dialogue with national and local governments on Policy Framework and Action Plan • Promote the development and adoption of Fuel Economy standards by Asian governments • Establish regional consensus including all Asian countries

7. Life Cycle Analysis Biofuels • Plans for large scale expansion of biofuels in Asia requires life-cycle analyses to determine impacts, constraints and costs • Focus on ethanol and biodiesel • Cover: life cycle GHG emissions, tailpipe emissions, land use impacts, water requirements, other environmental impacts • Develop standardized LCA tool which can be used beyond the scope of this study

8. Capacity building • Develop or adapt training materials • Train the trainers • Target group: transport and environmental policy and decision makers • Aim: better informed decision makers

9. Awareness Raising • Contribute to greater awareness on the relevance of the transport sector for Climate Change in Asia • Explain the linkage between urban air quality and climate change • Solution oriented • 2 components considered: • Mass media in cooperation with TVE Asia Pacific (30 minute documentary and 10 mini docs of 5 minutes each) • Labeling program for vehicles