1 / 13

Measuring Economic Growth-GDP

Measuring Economic Growth-GDP. Unit 3, Lesson 3. Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Definition : The market value of all final goods and services produced in a country in a year Current/nominal GDP (measured for the given year, reflects inflation ) Real GDP (set on a constant base year).

bart
Télécharger la présentation

Measuring Economic Growth-GDP

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Measuring Economic Growth-GDP Unit 3, Lesson 3

  2. Gross Domestic Product(GDP) • Definition: The market value of all final goods and services produced in a country in a year • Current/nominal GDP (measured for the given year, reflects inflation ) • Real GDP (set on a constant base year)

  3. Gross Domestic Product(GDP) • GDP is measured by totaling money spent on four categories: • Consumption (C) • Investment (I) • Government Spending (G) • Net Exports • Exports (X) - imports (M) • GDP= C+I+G+ (X-M)

  4. Consumer and GovernmentSpending • Consumer: The spending by households on goods and services. • A new car, food, clothes, college tuition, sporting event, health insurance. • Makes up 66% of GDP • Government: Spending by all levels of government on goods and services • Military, education, roads, healthcare • 25-35% GDP www.irle.berkeley.edu/events/spring08/feller/

  5. Spending GDP(Consumer and Government) • How Divided? • Housing 24% • Health 14% • Food 12% • Transport 10% • a Includes all consumer and government purchases of goods (e.g., vehicles and fuel) and services (e.g., auto insurance) and exports related to transportation. b Includes all other categories, such as entertainment, personal care products and services, and payments to pension plans. • Source: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, calculated from data in U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, October 2001

  6. Investment • Definition:Spending by businesses on capital • machinery, factories, equipment, tools, computers, new buildings • 12-14% of total GDP

  7. Net Exports • Definition:Spending by people outside the United States on US produced goods and services(exports, or X)minus spending by people in the United States on foreign goods and service(imports, or M) • (X-M) = Net Exports • (X) Jonas Brothers sell CDs in Japan • (M) You buy a camera made in China

  8. Gross Domestic ProductHow to Calculate • GDP is calculated by multiplying the quantity of each final good and service produced (Q) in a year by their estimated price (P) to get the dollar value (DV), and then adding all dollar values of each to get the total GDP. • GDP = C + G +I + (X-M) Cons. Spending Q x P = DV + Investment Q x P = DV + Govt. Spend Q x P = DV + Net Exports (X- M)

  9. Gross Domestic ProductHow to Calculate • Calculation Example # in the millions Cons. Goods6m cars x $20,000= $120,000m Cons. Service 150m haircuts x $15= $2,250m Bus. Invest. 2m buildings x $300,000= $600,000m Govt. Spend. 1m roads x $5,000= $5,000m Net Exports 40m apples (export) x $1= $40m(X) 50m apples (import) x $1= $50m (M) GDP= $120,000m cars $ 2,250m haircuts $600,000m buildings $ 5,000m roads $727,350m - 10m net loss in apple exports $727,250m

  10. Gross Domestic ProductWhat’s Not Included • The GDP includes only final goods and services that have been purchased for final use. • Not Included • Intermediate goods • (battery comes with computer, wood to make paper) • Resale goods • (used car, selling your home) • Financial assets • (stocks and bonds) • Public or Private Transfer payments • (unemployment and social security, $ from parents) • Non-market service • (babysitting, painting your own house) • Underground economy • (illegal transactions) GDP–What is not Included Slide Show

  11. Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) • Alternative to GDP • Developed in 1995 and Used by governments and agencies worldwide • Attempts to Measure 9% of GDP not factored • Measures Different Factors • Adjusts for income distribution • Focus on Economic Well-being not monetary transactions • Adds for • Increase in leisure and vacation time • volunteer and non-market work • Maintaining Environmental System Services: $33.5 trillion (Robert Costanza)

  12. Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) • Subtracts for • Crime = $40 billion/yr • Pollution and loss of natural resources • Counts $1.2 billion in toxic clean-up costs decrease • Health care expenditures for preventable illness • Heart attacks • High blood pressure • Loss in infrastructure • From natural disasters or war • Foreign debt counts as negative • GDP can count as positive government spending

  13. Citations • Dr. John Talberth, Clifford Cobb, and Noah Slattery. The Genuine Progress Indicator 2006: A Tool for Sustainable Development. Redefining Progress: The Nature of Economics. www.rprogress.org • Zencey, Eric. www.newyorktimes.com. G.D.P R.I.P August 10 2009 • Costanza, Robert. “AT WHAT COST? Ecological economist puts a price tag on nature.” Director and founder of the Gund Institute for Ecological Economics at the University of Vermont. Grist. http://www.grist.org/

More Related