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Prof. Li Universidad Del Este. Review of Greetings. GREETINGS. nǐ hǎo 你 好 nín hǎo 您 好. xiè xiè 谢 谢 bú kè qi 不 客 气. duì bù q ǐ 对 不 起 méi guān xi 没 关 系. Zài jiàn 再 见. ACTFL.
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Prof. Li • Universidad Del Este
nǐhǎo 你好 nínhǎo 您好
xièxiè 谢 谢 búkèqi 不 客 气
duìbù qǐ 对 不 起 méiguān xi 没 关 系
Zàijiàn 再 见
ACTFL http://www.actfl.org/publications/guidelines-and-manuals/actfl-proficiency-guidelines-2012/english
European Council http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_European_Framework_of_Reference_for_Languages
Power Speak http://www.suagm.edu/une/
You’ll be able to • Learn more basic expressions • Learn pinyin in a general way • Learn initials and finals in a general way • Learn 4 tones of Mandarin Chinese
zǎoshànghǎo 早上 好 díasbuenos morninggood Good morning
xiàwǔhǎo 下午好 tardesbuenos afternoongood Good afternoon
wǎnshànghǎo 晚上 好 evening good nochesbuenos Good evening
The consists of Mandarin Chinese Pinyin Chinese character
Pictures of pinyin and Chinese characters nǐhǎoxièxièduìbù qǐ 你好 谢 谢 对 不 起 nínhǎobúkèqiméiguān xi 您好 不 客 气 没 关 系
Putonghua is the common language of the Han ethnic group in China. It's standard Chinese language. It's Mandarin and official. It's based on Beijing phonetics and the dialect of the northern China.
There are two system in written Chinese. One is simplified, the other is traditional. The simplified is used in Mainland. The traditional is used by Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and overseas Chinese communities.
Pinyin • Chinese Phonetic System • One syllable=initial +final+tone • initials • There are 23 initials in Mandarin Chinese • finals • There are 24 finals in Mandarin Chinese
initial • The initial refers to a consonant which appears in the initial position of a syllable
Song of PīnyīnInitials • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jj3plQP160E&list=PLB6266DC316090F76 (1.2 min)
finals • appear in the final position of a syllable
Song of Pīnyīnfinals • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3sS5f5u6QGA ((29 sec))
TONES 1. Definition • Chinese is tone language. By tone language I mean the language in which every word has its specific tone or tones. 2. Importance • Tones can distinguish meanings. Different tones have different meanings. For example, the four pinyin have the same initial and final. They are different only in tones.
Tones 1st tone 2nd tone 3rd tone 4th tone In a syllable, the tone falls on the vowels: a, o, e, I, u, Ü; e.g. ā á ă à
Where to place tone marks? • Generally, put it on the major vowel of the "final". Then what's the major vowels? It's that one that appears ahead according to the order "a o e i u ü". e.g. in “hao”, “a” comes before “o”, so we have “hǎo” • Some words have unstressed syllables which one toneless and therefore they are not given tone marks. Eg. Xièxie
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p5-BTf0MB7k • Tones start from 2:00