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Overzicht

Fryske Akademy & Mercator Europees Kenniscentrum voor Meertaligheid en Taalleren & Drietalig onderwijs Alex Riemersma NHL-Master Talen 9 maart 2011. Overzicht. Fryske Akademy Mercator: Missie & Profiel Onderzoek EU-netwerken & EU-projecten Europees Handvest Drietalig onderwijs.

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Overzicht

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  1. Fryske Akademy& MercatorEuropees Kenniscentrum voor Meertaligheid en Taalleren& Drietalig onderwijsAlex Riemersma NHL-Master Talen 9 maart 2011

  2. Overzicht • Fryske Akademy • Mercator:Missie & ProfielOnderzoek • EU-netwerken & EU-projecten • Europees Handvest • Drietalig onderwijs

  3. Fryske Akademy • 1938: start met 1 onderzoeker • 1989: KNAW-instituutfinanciering rijk (2/3) en provincie (1/3)60 medewerkers • Leerstoel-relatie met UvA • Lector-relatie met hogescholen in Fryslân

  4. Fryske Akademy - Vakgroepen • Taalkunde / Lexicografie:Groot Woordenboek Friese Taal(on line) 25 delen (1984-2010): Euralex !Fries-Fries woordenboek (2009) • Geschiedenis / Letterkunde / Naamkunde • Sociale wetenschappen / Meertaligheid:Taalsurvey (1969 – 1980 – 1995)Onderwijsonderzoek

  5. www.hisgis.nl

  6. Unesco Language Vitality (2003) • 1. Intergenerational Language Transmission • 2. Absolute Number of Speakers • 3. Proportion of Speakers within the Total Population • 4. Trends in Existing Language Domains • 5. Response to New Domains and Media • 6. Materials for Language Education and Literacy • 7. Governmental and Institutional Language Attitudes • and Policies, Including Official Status and Use • 8. Community Members’ Attitudes • 9. Amount and Quality of Documentation

  7. Degrees of Endangerment • 5: safe The language is used by all ages, from children up. • 4: unsafe The language is used by some children in all domains; it is used by all children in limited domains. • 3: definitively endangered The language is used mostly by the parental generation and up. • 2: severely endangered The language is used mostly by the grandparental generation and up. • 1: critically endangered The language is used mostly by very few speakers, of great-grandparental generation. • 0: extinct There exists no speaker.

  8. Positie Frysk in Europa • Middenmoot-positie:- getal: 350.000 moedertaalsprekers- positie: unieke autochtone minderheidstaal in homogeen gebied- status: erkend als tweede rijkstaal- ambitie: uitbouw sterke cultuurtaal • Frysk is geen “endangered language”, maar taaloverdracht staat wel onder druk.

  9. Mercator Europees Kenniscentrum • Europees venster van Fryske Akademy • “Meertaligheid” thema in “Kennishotspot Leeuwarden” • 2011 - University Campus Fryslân • Leadpartner van Mercator Network • Partner in NPLD en EUNoM

  10. Mercator profiel • Meertaligheid en Taalleren: • Kennis verwerving: data & onderzoek • Kennis circulatie: platform, congressen • Kennis toepassing: voorlichting en advies

  11. Mercator Activiteiten • Documentatie en informatie • Onderzoek en Databases • Network of Schools • Network of Teacher Training Institutes • Website (Q&A) • Congressen en seminars

  12. Kaart fan NOS

  13. Network of Schools Basis gegevens : • 82 skoallen ferspraat oer:13 EU lidsteaten 20 taalmienskippen • 28 foarskoalse foarsjennings • 51 basisskoallen • 18 skoallen foar fuortset ûnderwiis

  14. Regional Dossiers • Serie van meer dan 40 talen • Update elke 5 jaar • Online beschikbaar

  15. Onderzoeksagenda • Meer taal, meer kans: Leesbevordering Papiaments – Nederlands • Added Value of bi-/plurilingualism • Doorgaande leerlijn voorschools – basisonderwijs – voortgezet onderwijs • Drietalig onderwijs in Europa • CLiL in onderwijs en lerarenopleiding

  16. Mercator Network • Mercator Kenniscentrum “lead partner”. De vier partnerinstituten: • Aberystwyth – Universiteit fan Wales • Barcelona – Ciemen • Boedapest – Hongaarse Academy of Sciences – Institute of Linguistics • Eskilstuna (Zweden) – Mälardalen Universiteit

  17. Mercator partner in andere Europese netwerken • Network for the Promotion of Linguistic Diversity in Cardiff (NPLD): • 12 meertalige regio’s • European Network of Multilingualism in Barcelona (EUNoM): • 22 universiteiten / onderzoeksinstellingen

  18. Samenwerking met Baskenland

  19. EU-projekten • Mercator Network (2009-2011) • MELT: Multilingual Early Language Transmission (pre-school) • Language Rich Europe (leadpartner British Council) • Civil Society Platform (request EU)

  20. MELT-project • MELT-partners: • Welsh Language Board • Svenska Finlands Folktinget • Conseil Régional de Bretagne • Awareness Raising on Multilingual Upbringing of Children • TWF & “informed choice”

  21. Frysk in Handvest & Kaderverdrag • Europees Handvest (1992, 1998):Frysk erkend in deel II + III – 48 concrete maatregelen • Kaderverdrag (1993, 1998): Friezen erkend als nationale minderheid

  22. Europees Handvest • Key words: to protect & to promote • Driejaarlijkse Rapportages van lidstaten = Treaty Parties aan Raad van Europa • Consultatief Orgaan: needs & wishes • Committee of Experts:- evaluation & on the spot visits

  23. Europees Handvest – deel II • Uitgangspunten: non-discirminatie to protect & to promote • Algemene doelen: • Onderwijs & Cultuur • Gebruik • Taalgebied en administratieve grenzen

  24. Europees Handvest – deel III • Onderwijs • Justitie • Overheid en publieke diensten • Media • Cultuur • Sociaal en Economisch Leven • Kontakten over de grens

  25. Europees Handvest - ComEx • ComEx urges the Dutch government strongly to implement • Art. 8b – basisonderwijs:“substantial part of lessons” • Art. 8c – voortgezet onderwijs:“integral part of curriculum” • National policy towards Lower-Saxon, Yiddish and Roma languages

  26. Recommendations • Cooperation Charter and FCNM • Charter to better fit for new technologies • Thematic approach by Comex • EU to accept RMLs recognised in the Charter for EU programmes • Strengthen cooperation between Language Planning Organisations

  27. The Development of Minimum Standards for Language Education in Regional and Minority Languages Report drafted at Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning / Fryske Akademy Ljouwert / Leeuwarden, Fryslân (Netherlands)

  28. ComEx’ interpretation • Level i: the minority language is used at school for more than 50% of lessons • Level ii: “Substantial part”: in primary education – more than 6 hours per week in secondary education: 30% of education time • Level iii: “Integral part”: in primary education several subjectsin secondary education at least the minority language as a compulsory subject

  29. Observations curriculum • Educational goals could be described better • Lack of continuity in teaching • Not enough history and culture in the RML in the curriculum • The CEFR not enough used yet

  30. Observationsteaching materials • Teaching materials not yet adapted to educational goals nor to the CEFR • Not enough teaching materials available • Lack of quality of teaching materials

  31. Challenges for teacher training • Quality & quantity • Special training for multilingual situations • More education aimed at multilingualism • Stress on proficiency in more languages • CEFR to be linked to core goals • Certificates & Diploms!

  32. Recommendations Inspectorate • Inspectors with special task for multilingual education • Inspectors with knowledge about & command of minority languages & multilingualism • Periodical Reports

  33. Legal Position • Guaranteed choice for parents to opt for bilingual education • Binding description of minimum standards for time investment • Continuity of teaching and learning • Common Responsability of central government and regional authorities

  34. Developments • Continuity from primary to secondary education • Increase the number of trilingual schools and to start with early English • Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) • European Language Portfolio (ELP)

  35. Trijetalige skoallen yn Europa • Vaasa – Finlân • Baskelân – Spanje • Noard-Fryslân – Dútslân • Lúksemboarch • Ladinië – Itaalje • Kataloanje - Spanje • Karintië - Eastenryk

  36. Opset Trijetalich ûnderwiis • Groep 1-6: 50% Fries, 50% Nederlânsk • Groep 7-8: 40% Fries, 40% Nederlânsk, 20% Ingelsk • Frysk, Nederlânsk en Ingelsk:fiertaal by oare fakken

  37. Metodiken Trijetalich ûnderwiis • One language / one personNative speaker • Skieding yn tema’s & tiid • Frysk, Nederlânsk en Ingelsk:fiertaal by oare fakken • Ynteraktyf taalûnderwiis

  38. Resultaten Trijetalich ûnderwiis • Utkomsten fan ûndersyk: Nederlânsk like goed as oarenFrysk gâns better • Ingelsk aardich flot en selsfertrouwen yn it gebrûk Ingelsk heger, mar net significant

  39. Ontwikkeling Trijetalich ûnderwiis • Untjouwings:- 2008: 20 basisskoallen- 2012: 50 basisskoallen (= 10%)- 2030: 250 basisskoallen (= 50%) • “Early English” (groep 5; groep 1) • Fersterking relaasje mei de Pabo’s & learaarsopliedings f.û.

  40. Trochgeande learline • Fan pjutten nei basisûnderwiis • Fan basis- nei fuortset ûnderwiis • Fan f.û. ûnderbou nei eksamenklasseNB: • Deputearre Steaten kinne ûntheffing ferliene fan de ferplichting yn WPO / WVO

  41. Frysk op basisskoalle • Frysk as fak en fiertaal • Kearndoelen: 4 feardichhedenferstean, lêze, prate, skriuwe • Studio F – differinsjaasje yn doelen • Skoalleradio en skoalletelevyzje

  42. Europa en Fryslân • Fersterking EU-beleid in Fryslân:- taalverscheidenheid / linguistic diversity- memmetaal + 2 oare talen • Frysk en Fryslân als voorbeeld in Europa:- meertaligheid: individu èn maatschappij- thús fertroud en rûnom thús- deeglik, feilich en fleurich

  43. Eskerrik asko Tankewol Köszönöm • Grazia • Mercé plan • Dankscheen • Graciis • Kiitos • Diolch • Dz'akuju so • Hvala • Thank you • Mange Takk • Trugarez • Multumesc

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