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离散型随机变量的数字特征

中职数学 ( 拓展模块)精品课程. 离散型随机变量的数字特征. 青阳职教中心数学组. 讲解新课:. 设离散型随机变量的所有取值为有限个值 x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , … , x n , 其概率为. 则将 x 1 p 1 + x 2 p 2 + x 3 p 3 +…+ x n p n 叫做离散型随机变量的均值(或数学期望),记作 E ()。 即 E () = x 1 p 1 + x 2 p 2 + x 3 p 3 +…+ x n p n

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离散型随机变量的数字特征

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  1. 中职数学(拓展模块)精品课程 离散型随机变量的数字特征 青阳职教中心数学组

  2. 讲解新课: • 设离散型随机变量的所有取值为有限个值x1, x2, x3,…, xn,其概率为

  3. 则将x1p1+ x2p2+ x3p3+…+ xnpn 叫做离散型随机变量的均值(或数学期望),记作E()。 即E()= x1p1+ x2p2+ x3p3+…+ xnpn • 将(x1- E())2 p1 +(x2- E())2 p2+(x3- E())2 p3+…+(xn- E())2 pn 叫做离散型随机变量的方差,记作D()。

  4. 即D()=(x1- E())2 p1 +(x2- E())2 p2+(x3- E())2 p3+…+(xn- E())2 pn方差的算术平方根叫做随机变量的标准差,记为 .

  5. 讲解例题: 1.已知离散型随机变量的分布如下: 则E()=______. • 解:由离散型随机变量分布性质知 a+ + =1

  6. 所以,a= ,则E()=(–1) +0 +1 =– 2.设离散型随机变量 的分布列为 求: E()。 解:E()=–1 0.2+0 0.1+1 0.3+2 0.4=0.9 3.见教材P69页例3

  7. 随堂练习: • 已知一批产品经检验分为优等品、一等品、二等品、三等品和等外品5种,其构成比例依次为0.2、0.5、0.15、0.1和0.05。按优质优价的市场规律,每类产品的平均售价为9元、7.1元、5.4元、3元、2元。试求这批产品的平均售价。

  8. 小结: • 1、离散型随机变量的均值的意义及公式; • 2、离散型随机变量的方差、标准差公式; • 3、离散型随机变量的均值、方差的作用。 作业: 70 习题第4、5题。

  9. Thank you!

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