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Requirement ( 必要条件 ) Specification( 规格 ) & Management process

Requirement ( 必要条件 ) Specification( 规格 ) & Management process. Requirement Management. Essential for successful project execution Improperly understood requirement leads to: Cost escalation( 增加 ) Late delivery( 递送 ) Poor quality Dissatisfied( 不满意的 ) Customers( 消费者 ).

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Requirement ( 必要条件 ) Specification( 规格 ) & Management process

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  1. Requirement (必要条件) Specification(规格) & Management process

  2. Requirement Management • Essential for successful project execution • Improperly understood requirement leads to: • Cost escalation(增加) • Late delivery(递送) • Poor quality • Dissatisfied(不满意的) Customers(消费者)

  3. Requirement Management process • The three major activity are • Requirement analysis(分析)& Specification • Requirement change(改变)management • Requirement traceability(可描绘)management • It satisfies the KPA of Level 2 change management • It satisfies the KPA of Level 3 “Software Product Engineering” process

  4. Requirement Specification:Objective • Specify all requirements(SRS) • Requirement Elicitation(引出)& Analysis • Requirement Documentation • Requirement review(回顾)

  5. Process for Requirement Analysis & Specification Prepare Gather/Elicit Requirement Analyze Obtain Sign-Off Review Prepare SRS & Acceptance Criteria

  6. Prepare • Prepare for requirement gathering & Analysis • Do background reading on technical/Business concepts & undergo training • Become familiar with customer methodology & tools to be used • Identify method for Information gathering • Prepare Questionnaires for eliciting information • Identify user group & Interviewees • Plan prototyping(原型) • Define requirement specification standards • Develop interview plan & review with customer

  7. Gather: • Gather Requirement • Establish Objective & scope of the system • Gather functional requirement • Business events, Input/output for each event, relationship between events • Gather information on external interfaces, operating environments, performance, standards & special requirements • Prepare prototypes & evaluate prototypes • Conduct feedback on understanding requirements

  8. Analyze: • Analyze requirements • Develop process model • Develop logical data model • Setup data dictionary • Then… • Prepare SRS document • Prepare acceptance criteria • Review & obtain signoff for SRS

  9. SRS Template • Overview(Introduction to the current system) • Current System (Brief Into to Current system) • Limitation of current system • Proposed system & Objective of proposed system • Functional Requirement (related to Customer business) • System requirement • Scope & Boundary • Context diagram • Business Events • External events (by user or client) / Temporal events (by time)

  10. SRS Template • Inputs/Outputs (for each Business Event) • Relationships (Between I/P & O/P) • Relationship Precedence • Screens & Reports • External Interface Requirements • The Application being developed may interact & pass compatible data with many other existing automated & nonautomated systems.

  11. SRS Template • Operating Environment Requirement • Hardware/software/network/communication • Performance Requirements • Response time, Transaction/sec, constraint on batch processing • Standards Requirements • User Interface, Detailed design, Coding, Document

  12. SRS Template • Special User Requirement • Security , Audit Trail, Reliability • Transaction Volume & data Volume • Backup & recovery • Legal • Data Migration, Data Retention • Installation, User Training, User Manual & help • Automated & Manual functions, Features not required • Constraint • Prototype • Glossary of Items

  13. Requirement Change management • Change is inevitable, This is Universal truth • Knowledge about what is possible makes desire better capability • Initially customer do not know fully what they want, as time passes they become clear what is desired • Prepare the project to handle these changes

  14. Requirement Change management • The process defines the set of activity performed when there are new requirement or changes in requirement. • Can occur at any time during project execution • The further down the lifecycle, the more severe the impact on the project. • Uncontrolled changes to requirement has adverse impact on cost, schedule & quality. • The requirement change management process ensure that a project succeeds despite requirement changes.

  15. RCM – The Process • Log the changes • Perform impact analysis(Risk Management) on the work products • Estimate efforts needed for the change request • Reestimate delivery schedule • Perform cumulative cost impact analysis • Review the impact with senior management, if thresholds are exceeded • Obtain Customer Signoff • Rework work Products.

  16. A Change request Example

  17. Traceability Management • The basic goal of a project is to build a software system that will satisfy the requirements • To aid this validation, traceability of requirement is important • Through tracing it can be validated that the software has met all requirements.

  18. Goals: • To check if all software requirement are satisfied. • There are two types • Forward Traceability • Backward Traceability • At Infosys The Traceability Matrix is used.

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