Kouroi and Korai

1. Kouroi and Korai An Evolution of Sculptural Style

2. Kouros (Kouroi) • New York Kouros (600 BCE) • Sounion Kouros (580 BCE) • Kleobis and Biton (580 BCE) • Tanagra Boys (580 BCE) • Anavysos Kouros (530 BCE) • Aristodikos Kouros (510 - 500 BCE) • Kritios Boy (490 - 480 BCE)

3. NY KOUROS • NY MMA 32.11.1 • 1.84 m in height • From Attica • 600 BCE • Egyptian grid-design • Attention to patterning • No real anatomy

4. Sounion Kouros • Athens, National Museum • Restored height 3.05 m • Found in a pit at the sanctuary of Poseidon at Sounion • Like NY Kouros but more achieved • Seashell like curls, washboard stomach, rounder musculature

5. Design • Ionic volute ear • Careful attention to texture of hair • Love of geometric form and symmetrical patterning

6. Kleobis and Biton • Delphi Museum • Restored height of 1.97 m • 580 BCE • Story of their sacrifice in Herodotus i.31 • Artist’s inscription: [Poly]medes the Argive made this.

7. Boys from Tanagra • Athens, National Mus. • From Tanagra • 1.47 m in height • Limestone • 580 BCE • “Amphialkes put this up for Dermys and Kittylos”

8. Some Awkwardness • Awkwardness of the embrace is seen in Egyptian couple statues.

9. Anavysos Kouros • National Mus. 3851 • 1.94 m in height • 530 BCE • “Stay and mourn at the monument for dead Kroisos whom violent Ares destroyed, fighting in the front rank.”

10. Problems with Hips • More robustly modeled • Struggle with the weight of the marble • Unsuccessful solution

11. Aristodikos • National Museum, Athens • 510 - 500 BCE • 1.95 m in height • Base inscribed with name Aristodikos • More skillfully handled body masses

12. Kritios Boy • Acropolis Museum, Athens • 0.86 m in height • 490 - 480 BCE • Precursor to the Classical period • Shift of weight - confidence in body masses

13. Sculptor in Bronze? • Engrave lines of the hair • Hollow eyes characteristic of bronze work • Broken limbs and head

14. Archaic Horsemen • Rampin Rider • 550 BCE • Head from the Louvre • Fragments from the Acropolis circuit wall

15. Remarkable join • Payne saw that this head from the Louvre joined the body on the acropolis • Lace-like carving of the hair and beard • Celery crown - Nemean or Isthmian games. • Delicacy of features • Same sculptor as Peplos Kore?

16. Persian Rider • Newly restored • 520 BCE

17. Paint on Archaic Statues • Encaustic Paint • Depth to Flat Surfaces • Lost in late Classical Period

18. Kore (Korai) • Auxerre Kore (640 - 630 BCE) • Nikandre Kore (640 - 630 BCE) • Berlin Kore (570-560 BCE) • Peplos Kore (530 BCE) • Cheramyes Kore (570 - 560 BCE) • Ionic Korai, Acropolis (520 - 500 BCE) • Phrasikleia (540 BCE)

19. Auxerre Kore • Louvre 3098 • From Crete. • 0.65 m in height • 640 - 630 BCE • Incision and traces of painted lines • Daedalic style • Large hands and position suggest adoration.

20. Nikandre • Athens, National Museum • From Delos • 640 - 625 BCE • 1.75 m in height • Earliest life-sized statue • Nowhere thicker than 20 cm .

21. Nikandre Inscription • Boustrophedon. • “Nikandre dedicated me to the Far Darter, the Arrow Shooter, outstanding of women, daughter of Deinodikes of Naxos, sister of Deinomenes, wife of Phraxos.”

22. Berlin Kore • Berlin Antikensammulungen. • 1.93 m in height • 570 - 560 BCE • Found wrapped in lead in Keratea, suburb of Athens. • Crown (polos) of meander pattern and lotus and bud motif. • Funerary?

23. Peplos Kore • Acropolis Museum, Athens. • 1.17 m in height • 530 BCE • Peplos over the chiton • Same sculptor as Rampin head?

24. Traces of Paint • Embroidered dress. • Colored belt. • Strands of hair, irises, lips all colored. • Added jewelry pegged in.

25. Cheramyes Kore • Louvre 686 • 1.92 m in height • 560 BCE • From Samos • Epiblema, mantle, and chiton • Dedication:”Cheramyes dedicated this statue to Hera.”

26. Ionic Korai on the Acropolis • Acropolis 681: Antenor Kore • Acropolis 682 • Acropolis 670 • Acropolis 674 • Acropolis 686: Euthydikos Kore

27. Antenor Kore • Acropolis Museum • 2.155 m in height • 530 - 520 BCE • “Nearchos the potter dedicated this to Athens. Antenor the son of Eumares made this statue.” • Nearchos signed pots 757 - 540 BCE. • Eyes: rock crystal set in lead.

28. Early Chian • Acropolis 682 • 530 - 520 BCE • 1.82 m high • “most peculiar” • “the less one sees of the whole, the more of the detail, the better”

29. Unusual Chiton Style • Acropolis 670 • 1.15 m high • 520 - 510 BCE • Sculptor: same hand as the Aristodikos • No himation. Unusual chiton use.

30. Advanced Chian Style • Acropolis 674 • H (preserved) 0.92 m • 500 BCE • Preliminaries to the Severe Style.

31. Euthydikos Kore • Acropolis 686 • 490 BCE • Euthydikos, son of Thaliarchos, dedicated me. • Same sculptor as the Kritios Boy.

32. Phrasikleia • Excavated from Merenda (ancient deme site of Myrrhinous) in 1972. • Found almost intact with a male kouros. • Cemetery context, on the road to Athens. • 1.72 m in height • 540 BCE

33. Bridal Garb • Stephane or crown of lotus buds and flowers. • Earrings, necklace, bracelets. • Embroidered gown. • Fancy belt. • Special shoes. • Iconography of bride.

34. Inscription • Fit into previously discovered base (1729). • Artist’s signature: Aristion of Paros. • Metrical epitaph: • “Sema” of Phrasikleia. • I shall be called kore • always, instead of marriage • by the gods that • having been alloted name.