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This exploration of the Yanomamö culture delves into gender roles and family structures within their patriarchal society. Boys and girls have distinct paths to adulthood, shaped by societal expectations: boys engage in hunting practices while girls assist with household duties from a young age. The Yanomamö approach marriage and inheritance uniquely, with no property inheritance and rituals surrounding death. Their communal living in shabonos fosters a sense of unity, while traditional practices and beliefs reflect their values and perspectives on life and relationships.
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KINSHIPof the Yanomamö Grace Lawrence, Daniel Webber, Megan Lines
Distinction between Males and Females • PATRIARCHAL SOCIETY Children Boys : play, practice hunting becomes an “adult” in late teens Girls: housework, tending to siblings becomes “adult” when first menstruation
WOMEN • Get promised to someone at early age • Move in with husband as soon as their first period happens • Subject to violence from their husbands • Often have a caustic view on the world
MEN • Show their power and ferocity by beating their wives • Brothers protect their sisters against really cruel people • Spend more time with their boy children than with their girls
Death & Inheritance/Descent Neither status or property is inherited among the Yanamamo. At death, kin incinerate the personal property of the deceased. It is also traditional to not speak the deceased persons name after their death. If someone wishes to mention someone who is deceased, they must describe the person, instead of using their name. When relatives die, their bodies are cremated and their ashes are eaten to preserve the life of the dead.
Family Life Mothers are the primary carers for children. The fathers spend their time hunting and away from the house. Due to this, children generally stay close to their mother. Girls and boys have different upbringings. Girls begin working from the age of 6, by doing jobs such as helping with gardening and helping with food preparation. Meanwhile, boys spend their time playing and taking part in physical activities, slowly preparing them for a life of hunting. Parents encourage their children to be assertive and to respond to insults with physical or verbal aggression. Physical punishment such as slapping is common.
Household The Yanamamo live in villages usually consisting in their children and family. Village sizes vary, but usually contain between 50 and 400 people. In this largely communal system, the entire village lives under a common roof called the shabono. Shabonos have an oval shape, with open grounds in the center measuring around 100 yards. Under the roof, divisions are made by support posts, allowing individual houses and spaces to be partitioned. Each family has its own area where food is prepared and cooked during the day. At night, hammocks are slung beside the fire to keep people warm. The central area is usually used for activities such as rituals, feasts and games. Shabonos are made from raw materials from the nearby area, such as leaves, tree trunks and vines. Every 1 to 2 years a new Shabono has to be built due to damage from rain, wind and insect infestation. An alternative name for a Shabono is a Yano.
FirstGeneration Two men marry each other’s sister to establish an alliance
Second Generation The man ( ) marries his bilateral cross cousin (his mother’s brother’s daughter and his father’s sister’s daughter) brother and sister
Bride Service - marriage is patrilocal but the husband has to live with his parents-in-law for several years. Polygyny - is permitted, 10-20% of all males at any time are polygynists
Bilateral cousins The man ( ) is not allowed to marry his parallel cousins but he is allowed to marry his bilateral cousins Parallel cousins
