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Green technologies

Green technologies. Is it necessary and useful?. Agenda. What is green technology? Is there a business case for it? What technologies are needed? Some early examples Conclusions. Agenda. What is green technology? Is there a business case for it? What technologies are needed?

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Green technologies

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  1. Green technologies Is it necessary and useful?

  2. Agenda • What is green technology? • Is there a business case for it? • What technologies are needed? • Some early examples • Conclusions

  3. Agenda • What is green technology? • Is there a business case for it? • What technologies are needed? • Some early examples • Conclusions

  4. Green Technologies: A workman’s definition • Technologies that consume as little energy and power as possible to deliver a solution • Use materials that do not cause pollution to produce • Produce no waste or easily disposable waste • Scaling does not cause environmental nightmare • Technologies that support green solutions

  5. Agenda • What is green technology? • Is there a business case for it? • What technologies are needed? • Some early examples • Conclusions

  6. Business 2.0 Magazine Mar’ 07 • 8 technologies for a green future • Environmental Sensor Networks • Endangered species tracker • The interactive, renewable smart power grid • Autonomous ocean robots • Home hydrogen fuelling station • Toxin-eating trees • Nuclear waste neutralizer • Sonic water purifier

  7. UIUC: Coordinated Sciences Lab • The next phase of IT revolution may involve the active interaction with the environment • Achieved through the convergence of communication and computation with control (sensing and actuation)

  8. Agenda • What is green technology? • Is there a business case for it? • What technologies are needed? • Some early examples • Conclusions

  9. Common denominator • Sensor network • A few to 10’s of thousands • Hybrid networks • Ad hoc network for sensor connections • Back haul networks • Low energy consumption and longevity of network • Signal processing • Control systems • Easy and simple interfaces • Low cost

  10. Ad hoc networks • Wireless networks are formed by nodes with radios • There is no a priori notion of “links” • Nodes simply radiate energy • Nodes can cooperate in many complex ways

  11. Interference+Noise Interference+Noise Interference+Noise Ad Hoc Wireless Networks • Current proposal for operation: Multi-hop transport • Nodes relay packets until they reach their destinations • Fully decode packets at each stage treating allinterference as noise • Interfering packets destructively collide with each other

  12. Multi-hop architecture • Nearly optimal • For implementation we need • Power control • MAC • Routing • Transport

  13. Ad hoc sensor network issues • How do we organize them? • Distributed Real-time based systems • What are the right abstractions? • What should be the architecture of the system? • Application independent, Context independent architecture What are the right abstractions?What is the architecture?

  14. The Power Control problem • How do we choose power levels of transmissions in wireless networks? • Power level influences range • Power levels determine interference • Power levels affect routes • Conceptualization problem for Power Control

  15. More Power Control problem • Which Layer? • Physical layer • Quality of reception • Network layer • Impact on routing • Transport layer • Higher power impacts congestion • How to fit Power Control in the hierarchical OSI framework?

  16. Agenda • What is green technology? • Is there a business case for it? • What technologies are needed? • Some early examples • Conclusions

  17. A research Vehicle example • In an Electric or a hybrid vehicle implement various subsystems to • Make the vehicle environment aware • Manage vehicle navigation • Manage power and energy • Monitor and actuate remotely • Provide infrastructure for networking wirelessly • Provide extensive instrumentation for gathering field data from vehicle and environment • Allow subsystem selection for a given vertical (application) of the vehicle (like a custom made DELL computer!)

  18. Intended applications • Research • Trying out various WSN, Wifi networks for a variety of applications • Delay tolerant networks • Data collection • Distribution of critical materials (life saving drugs, seeds, ……….) • Trying out various DSP for building subsystems • Some application domains with rural bias • Health care • E-services • Disaster management • Mobile infotainment • Agriculture • Security: Integration of vehicle and home security • Autonomous vehicle • ………………….

  19. Communication System • Wifi access point to act as a local hub and connection to a wired LAN • Wireless Sensor Network • Ability to connect to a high speed LAN, CDMA, GPRS, and dial-up lines • FM transmitter • AM, FM radio receivers • TV tuner • DTH TV

  20. Environmental sensors • Weather monitoring system • Network presence detectors • Digital cameras • GPS receiver • Smoke and dust detectors • Ultrasonic distance measuring device

  21. Typical “mobile” vehicles

  22. Typical mobile health care vehicle • Integrates • ECG • Emergency operations • Many other functionalities

  23. Applications • Mobile healthcare • Mobile broadcaster • Mobile e-service provider • Mobile disaster management • Mobile e-post service • ……………………………….

  24. Wildlife studies

  25. Agenda • What is green technology? • Is there a business case for it? • What technologies are needed? • Some early examples • Conclusions

  26. Conclusions • Green technologies are very important • They make a business case • WSN, Energy sources….are important technology enablers • Many challenges • Many exciting applications

  27. Thank you Join the journey

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