JMSC 0046

1. JMSC 0046 Introduction to Television Journalism and Media Studies Centre Week Two 22 January, 2009

2. This Week • Before Television • Radio • Radio News then • Radio News Now • Influences • But first some class book keeping – attendance, tutorials, and surveys

3. Workshops or Tutorials • Tutorials after Chinese New Year • All should have signed up • Fridays • A. 0930 - 1025 • B. 1140 - 1235 • C. 1400-1455

4. Workshops or Tutorials • Start to think about areas of inquiry • Areas of interest into broadcast (radio or television or converged) news • Questions you may have about the industry that you would like to explore. • Come armed with questions. Things you have always wondered about …. • About how TV works, about it impact, history • Goal – oral presentation and term paper

5. Special Topical Analysis • TV coverage around the world of the • Inauguration of the American President • Barack Hussein Obama • Do you believe the wide international coverage of the event was appropriate? • Why was there so much TV coverage • Other points about the coverage

6. Television News This Week • The Power of Television or visual media • The Obama Inaugural Address • Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint. … • To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on the West — know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; … [See CNN excerpt]

7. Television News This Week • The Obama Inauguration • Was the speech aired live in Iran? Russia? China? • International channels vs local channels • See: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7841580.stm • See: http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-01-21-voa43.cfm

8. Today’s Main Lecture

9. Before Television • Radio • Most everything in TV radio origins • All news TV like CNN started with • All news radio in America in 1961-65 • Talks shows, documentaries, serial dramas, situation comedies, etc. • All had origins in Radio

10. Radio • 1928 First Radio in HK 1932 • First news broadcast in HK in 1934 First Chinese broadcast same year • 香港廣播電台

11. Radio • Radio Hong Kong joined by Commercial Radio (1959) and later Metro Radio • In late 1940’s • Rediffusion

12. Early Radio: the Pioneers • Guglielmo Marconi 1895 • 1920 -1st Radio stations • 1922 BBC • 1926 BBC News at 7pm • http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/story/index.shtml

13. Early Radio: the Pioneers • John Reith – • B. 1889 D. 1971 a pioneer of public broadcasting set down standards BBC, RTHK, NHK http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/story/index.shtml

14. The American Free-for-all • Commercial Radio in America from the 1920’s • The first news on radio • KDKA – Pittsburg Pennsylvania • November 2,1920 http://www.kdkaradio.com/pages/15491.php • For the next 15 years radio developed rapidly and news with it.

15. Why Radio, TV, I-Pod? • Radio developed because of companies wanting to sell radios – Westinghouse, Columbia, RCA, GE, Edison, Marconi • TV developed also to sell TV – again RCA, GE, and others • I-Pod content developed from the sales efforts of Apple • [100 years – little changes]

16. Golden Age of Radio: 1935 + • Commercials • http://www.oldtimeradiofans.com/old_radio_commercials/Camel_Cigarettes.php • CBS, NBC, Mutual and later ABC • Big Stars • News commentators • BBC – impartiality • America – opinion

17. Radio at War • World War 2 – 1938 to 1945 shapes radio and creates the first generation of broadcast journalists in US and UK • Technology was primitive • Radio news sometimes took liberties with the truth – substituting staged drama or re-creations for actual sound • Staging – an issue still with us today

18. Phony News on Radio • Early Documentaries on Radio • Not real news but RE-CREATIONS • Time Magazine • March of Time 1931 to 1951 • http://www.otr.com/march.html

19. Radio at War • As the War progressed (BBC, CBS, NBC) set up “war units” in 1942 - news broadcasting became more real, more responsible, and very much trusted • In Asia – Americans heard their first ever radio broadcasts from Asia • War in the Pacific – Iwo Jima • http://www.otr.com/iwo_jima.html

20. Radio at War • In Britain – the BBC had created the BBC Empire Service (1932) – so that people all across the “Empire” from Tanganyika to Hong Kong could hear news bulletins & foster nationalism • Like this from June 6, 1944 • http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/june/6/newsid_3499000/3499352.stm

21. Radio at War • In America the first Radio News Star was born… Edward Murrow • Appointed Director of Talks and education at CBS. • His influence was felt in broadcast news from 1935 to 2000. • At J-Schools still studied today.

22. Broadcast Pioneers • Influential broadcasters • In Britain – Richard Dimbleby shaped how BBC radio sounded http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/4445811.stm • For the BBC – Alistair Cooke began to broadcast weekly talks which continued until he died… http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/letter_from_america/default.stm • And Murrow (see video from PBS)

23. JMSC 0046 • End class 22 January • Next class after Chinese New Year February 5th • Make sure you have signed up for a tutorial. Tutorials on February 6th • The 1140 and 1400 tutorials are full • Places available for the 0930 tutorial

24. JMSC 0046 • See you in February • Remember updates on the weblog • Kung Hei Fat Choi • Gong Xi Fa Cai