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Sustainable Hotel Design

Sustainable Hotel Design. Group 5 Presentation 4 Demand/Supply Matching. Where We Are Now. North. 1 st level. Site C Building Design. Ground level. Reducing Lighting demand. Lighting Most important factor for safety and comfort. Low lighting Requirement Rooms -50 lux

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Sustainable Hotel Design

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  1. Sustainable Hotel Design Group 5 Presentation 4 Demand/Supply Matching

  2. Where We Are Now North 1st level • Site C • Building Design Ground level

  3. Reducing Lighting demand Lighting • Most important factor for safety and comfort Low lighting Requirement • Rooms -50 lux • Halls/stairs - 150 lux • Restaurant- 150 lux High lighting Requirement • Swimming pool - 300lux • Gym - 500 lux • Kitchen- 500 lux • Office - 500 lux

  4. Artificial lighting Minimise demand by using energy efficient lamps • Replace smaller fittings with Compact fluorescent 20w • Replace larger fittings with tubular fluorescent 60w • Compare against tungsten 100w filament • Energy Reduction = 80%(from efficacy) Energy used to light building for 20 hours of the day. Lumen method used to gain amount of luminaires, savings: Bedroom 0.5MWh, Restaurant 17.8MWh, Kitchen 35MWh,

  5. Natural Day-lighting • Building design optimised for natural daylight • Daylight factor calculated using protractor • Diffuse sky approx 5000lx (200lx available) 20% 10% 5% 4%

  6. Control Lighting Control for bedrooms, (occupants) • Dimmer switch. • Internal removable shading. • Key card system. Control for restaurant, office (control systems) • Stepped PSALI and switch off zones • Would require light sensors • Master switch/timers

  7. Natural ventilation and Heat Recovery Natural ventilation • As previous design Heat Recovery • 60% efficient • All air passes heat exchanger. • Need to be easily cleanable for kitchen

  8. Mechanical Ventilation • Mechanical Ventilation • Using two Aerofoil bladed centrifugal pump (η 85%) • For outside 0 and inside 30 • Swimming pool load for fans= 1kW7290m3/s • Saving using heat recovery on heating load =35kW • Kitchen load for fans=2kW11520m3/s • Required to remove contaminants from kitchen.

  9. Fan Power

  10. Previous Simulation Previously: • Base Case • 1 zone L-shape model Used to determine: • Form • Orientation • Construction • Glazing Area BASE CASE L-SHAPE

  11. Zoned Model Zoned model determines: • More accurate demand information • Demand profiling • Zonal environmental strategies Bedroom Floor area: 32m² Ventilation :1 ac/h Operations • Lighting: 50W • Occupancy: 22:00 – 07:00 Design temperature • 19-21°C (CIBSE Guide B1)

  12. Tweaking the Design Glazing Area: 30% • Minimise overheating in summer • Reduce heat loss in winter Ventilation rate • Summer: 3 ac/h 10:00 – 18:00 1 ac/h 18:00 – 10:00 (following day) • Winter / Transition: 1 ac/h 00:00 - 24:00 Construction • Varied load bearing block work to timber construction

  13. Timber Wall Construction U-value 0.20W/m²K Decrement Delay 12.4 hr Sound absorption >52db Advantages • Cost competitive • Fewer layers allows slimmer construction • Vapour permeable without membranes – no interstitial condensation • Matches thermal and acoustic properties of heavyweight builidings • Materials are non-toxic and low embodied energy

  14. Timber Roof Construction U-value 1.7 W/m²K (with 200mm pavatherm) Decrement delay 11.5 hr Sound absorption > 47db Advantages • Reduces overheating and external noise • Vapour permeable without membranes prevents interstitial condensation • Materials are non toxic with low embodied energy

  15. Bedroom Seasonal Performance • Typical summer day (free floating) 3ac/h (07:00-22:00), 1ac/h (22:00-07:00) • Typical spring day Heating requirement 3.73 kWh • Typical winter day Heating requirement 22.29 kWh

  16. Bedroom Demand Profile Sensible heating load Winter (typical) • Varies between 0.3-0.5 kW Transition (typical) • Peak 04:00-08:00 about 0.25 kW • Off 14:00-20:00 Summer (typical) • Most days require no heating • Some days require boost 0.03kW from 04:00-8:00

  17. Electrical Demand

  18. Thermal Demand

  19. Final Demand Analysis • Our hotel consumes: • 56% less energy than typical practice • 33% less energy than best practice

  20. Demand /Supply Matching - HOMER • Manipulation to model • CHP system • Biogas Generator • Heat recovered from generator – imitate GSHP + Heat recovery • Boiler – imitate thermal supply from CHP • Resources • Wind – ESP-r database • Stream Flow – 40 l/s • Biomass – Constant Supply • Load Profiles • Thermal – ESP-r • Electrical – Good Energy

  21. Initial Findings - Power 84% CHP 16% Wind 19% excess power Transition Winter Summer

  22. Initial Findings - Thermal 69% CHP 31% GSHP 8% excess heat Transition Winter Summer

  23. Alterations to Model • Addition of Battery • 152 kWh • 304 kWh • 408 kWh • Subtraction of Hydro Power

  24. Power - Matching 80% CHP 20% Wind 0% excess power Transition Winter Summer

  25. Thermal - Matching 84% CHP 16% GSHP 3% excess heat Transition Winter Summer

  26. Conclusions • Final Supply Systems • Biomass CHP • Wind Energy • Ground Source Heat Pumps • Do without Hydro Power • Use of Batteries

  27. Thank You For Listening Any Questions ?

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