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2 Peter and Jude

2 Peter and Jude. Responses to the threat of corruption. The threat of corruption (2 Peter/Jude). External corruption (Jude) The “ Others ” Internal corruption (2 Peter) “ False teachers ” The response of compassionate rescue The nature of Christian waiting

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2 Peter and Jude

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  1. 2 Peter and Jude Responses to the threat of corruption

  2. The threat of corruption (2 Peter/Jude) • External corruption (Jude) • The “Others” • Internal corruption (2 Peter) • “False teachers” • The response of compassionate rescue • The nature of Christian waiting • The nature of the Christian literature General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  3. Jude and the Apocalyptic Genre/ Use of non-canonical literature in the NT General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  4. Introduction to Jude • Author • Recipients • Date • Nature of the work General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  5. Introduction to Apocalyptic • Spatial axis • Temporal axis • Ethical purpose General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  6. Salutation • Brevity • Author • Recipients • Identified as Christians (“Beloved”) • Not identified by location General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  7. Thematic statement • Dear friends, although I was very eager to write to you about the salvation we share, I felt I had to write and urge you to contend for the faith that was once for all entrusted to the saints. General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  8. Proof for the Thematic Statement • Israel in the wilderness • Fallen Angels in Gen 6 • Sodom and Gomorrah • Michael and the devil • Cain, Balaam, Korah • Enoch • Use of non-canonical scripture General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  9. Final Prophecy • Prophecy from the apostles • Concerns the last times • Scoffers follow desires/ natural instincts • Do not have the Spirit General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  10. Closing Exhortation Build selves up in the faith Pray in the Holy Spirit Keep yourself in God’s love Wait for Jesus/ eternal life Be merciful to “those who doubt”; rescue the “Others” carefully General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  11. Closing Doxology • To him who is able to keep you from falling • The only God our Savior General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  12. Second Peter Outline and Detailed Study General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  13. Summary of Introduction: • Date • Author • Recipients General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  14. Date - several factors are important: • After Jude, for it uses Jude • After Paul's letters were known (3:15-16) • After the apostolic generation or perhaps the missionaries to that group had died (3:4) • Probably after a first letter (probably not 1 Peter). General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  15. Author • Author has written at least once previously to these churches • Author tends to be autobiographical (unlike 1 Peter) • Author feels free to use Jude via aemulatio • Author knows 1 Enoch, but omits the direct quotation from Jude. • Author's concerns are not the Christological issues of the second century. • Author uses Hellenistic style and language General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  16. Recipients • Bothered by false teachers: • These once accepted Christian morality, but have now departed from it (1:3-11) • Their crimes are • reviling angelic/demonic beings • sensuality • These Christians are struggling with parousia delay (ch. 3) General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  17. Outline: • Basic Outline: • Bauckham's Outline: General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  18. Content (Bauckham's outline) • The following lecture(s) will follow the outline in Bauckham’s commentary General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  19. Greeting (1:1-2) • Titles differ from that in 1 Peter, the latter being more formal. • The letter is addressed to Christians who: • Are come to faith through Jesus' righteousness. • Have received a faith equally privileged (or precious) as that of the apostles. • Recognize Jesus as both God and savior • Grace and peace come from the knowledge of God General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  20. Thematic sermon (1:3-11) • Jesus' gift (1:3-4) • Based on his divine power • Evil is corruption due to “desire” (epithumia) • Focused in the knowledge of Jesus • Epignostic soteriology • Result is some rather exalted promises: General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  21. Christian virtue (1:5-9) • Faith • Virtue (moral excellence) • Knowledge • Self-Control • Patient endurance • Piety, godliness (Hellenistic) • Brotherly love • Love General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  22. Conclusion (1:10-11) • Based on the above, one should "make all the more effort" to "ratify" or "guarantee" the calling of God • The alternative General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  23. Apology for the sermon (1:12-21) • Peter's death = need for reminder (1:12-15) • He speaks of his present body as a "tent" cf. 2 Cor. 5:1 • His death is an "exodus" • This is what gives the letter its testametal nature General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  24. Peter's experience = veracity (1:16-18) • The apostles have not followed "myths" in the gospel • They are "eyewitnesses" of the manifest glory of Christ • Jesus "receives" honor and glory in transfig. General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  25. Prophetic word = other proof of veracity (1:19-21) • echomen bebaioteron . . . = to have a most firm grip on • They should do the same, for scripture is a light in the dark. • Christ is the morning star; the arising is the parousia • The parousia is the full revelation to which the prophets point. • Prophecy is God-given (1:20-21) • The prophets spoke by divine inspiration: General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  26. Peter's Response to the False Teachers 2:1-22 • Prediction of False Teachers. • He compares false teachers to false prophets • Characteristics • "deny Christ" • Results • Many follow them into dissolution • Gospel is slandered • Teachers will be condemned General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  27. The Certainty of Judgment 2:4-10a • The judgment of the angels • The judgment of the flood • The flood's devastation • Noah's deliverance • The judgment of Sodom • The city's destruction • Lot's righteousness and suffering • God is quite capable of saving the righteous and punishing the wicked General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  28. Denunciation of False Teachers 2:10b-22 • Their slander of angels 2:10b-13a • Their moral corruption 2:13b-16 • Their lack of promise 2:17-22 General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  29. The Issue of the Parousia 3:1-13 • Prediction of Scofffers 3:1-7 • Purpose of the letter 3:1-2 • The first letter • Prophets and apostolic teaching • Description of the scoffers 3:3-4 • Two charges are laid: • scoffing at Parousia • following their desires • God's word is firm • Three Periods of world history: • God is Forbearing 3:8-10 General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  30. Exhortation 3:11-13 • To "holy and godly conduct" • To "eschatological waiting" cf. Jude 21 and gospels • This "hastens" (speudontas) the parousia • The new heavens and earth General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  31. Conclusion 3:14-18 • Exhortation to peace 3:14-16 • Exhortation to growth 3:17-18a • Concluding doxology 3:18b General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  32. 2 Peter • This is the outline of the instructor, following some of the principles of ancient letter writing and rhetoric General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  33. Salutation (1:1-2) General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  34. Letter Opening (1:3-15) • Opening Sermon (1:3-11) • Historical Introduction: the Divine Benefaction • Call to virtue • Purpose Statement (1:12-15) General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  35. Letter Body (1:16-3:13) • The Implications of the Transfiguration (1:16-21) • Condemnation of false teachers (2:1-22) • Introduction to the false teachers (2:1-3) • Scriptural arguments why God will judge the false teachers 2:4-10a • The arrogance of the false teachers 2:10b - 12 • The immorality of the false teachers 2:13-16 • The condemnation of the false teachers 2:17-22 General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  36. Letter body continued • Conclusions about the Day of the Lord (3:1-13) • Introduction to the day of the Lord 3:1-2 • The denial of the day of the Lord refuted from scripture 3:3-7 • The reason the day of the Lord appears delayed 3:8-9 • Conclusions: Nature and implications of the day of the Lord 3:10-13 • Summary concerning the Christian life (3:14-16) Body closing General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

  37. Letter Closing (3:17-18) General Epistles - Peter 5 - Jude + 2 Peter

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