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Research Skills Mrs. Pigoni “You have no say in MLA”

Research Skills Mrs. Pigoni “You have no say in MLA”. Why Cite?. To give credit where credit is due: AVOID PLAGIARISM To establish your credibility as an author To give readers access to the sources you cite Provides consistent format within a discipline. Example Source Card.

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Research Skills Mrs. Pigoni “You have no say in MLA”

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  1. Research SkillsMrs. Pigoni“You have no say in MLA”

  2. Why Cite? • To give credit where credit is due: AVOID PLAGIARISM • To establish your credibility as an author • To give readers access to the sources you cite • Provides consistent format within a discipline

  3. Example Source Card 4 The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008. Web. 23 Apr. 2008.

  4. Notecards Topic – Sub Topic Source # Fact (In-text Citation). DQ, Para, or Summ

  5. Example Notecard Purdue University – School Spirit 4 The number one school for school spirit in the country (The Purdue). Para

  6. MLA Format • Times New Roman – 12 pt. font • Double Spaced • 1” Margins • MLA Heading on first page only • Pagination (Last Name Page #) in header, aligned right • Centered Title * Creative Title * Not in quotation marks, underlined, bolded, bigger or different font

  7. Name Teacher Course Date Joe Smith Mrs. Pigoni American Literature - 1 11 November 2008 MLA Heading • Align Left • Double Space

  8. Sample Title Page Dwyer 1 Barb Dwyer Mrs. Pigoni - 1 Advanced Freshman English 4 April 2011 Building a Dream: Emily and Homer

  9. Direct Quotes • Quoting any words (word for word) that are not your own • Any part of a text can be directly quoted – not just a spoken quotation • Use Parenthetical Citation • Direct quotes can NEVER stand alone

  10. Summarizing • Take ideas from a large passage of another source and condense them using your own words • Use Parenthetical Citation One chapter (23 pages) about Wheaton North High School’s extremely high test scores. Summarized Example: Wheaton North High School is one of the best schools in the state (Boyen 22).

  11. Paraphrasing • Using the ideas from another source but changing the phrasing into your own words • How To: • Keep the source out of sight as you paraphrase, so you will not be tempted to use any of the sentence patterns or phrases of the original. • Do not substitute synonyms for some or most of the words in an author’s passage. This practice will result in plagiarism. • Use your own sentence structure as well as your own words. Your writing will be regarded as plagiarized if it resembles the original too closely in sentence structure as well as in wording. • Check your text against the original source to avoid inadvertent plagiarism. • Use parenthetical citation

  12. Quote Weaves 3 PARTS • Signal Phrase/Weave • Your own words setting up the quotation • Quote • Someone else’s words set off by quotation marks • Parenthetical Citation • Source information

  13. Signal Phrase/Weave – Complete Thought • Punctuation is a colon • Examples: • He knew he was grounded when the cop knocked on the front door: “The tapping was a commanding rap signaling the death of fun” (Jones 18). • The snow fell earlier than last year: “August is too soon to sled” (Miller 33). • Holden knew what he did had consequences, and he was ready to face the music: “Looking through the window seeing all the boys fence left the feeling of abandonment” (“Catcher loses”).

  14. Signal Phrase/Weave – Incomplete Thought • When blending your thoughts directly into the quotation, no punctuation is needed. Example: Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263).

  15. Signal Phrase – Speaker’s Tag • Punctuation is a comma • Use when separating the speaker from what is being said • Introducing the speaker of the quote Example: • When awakening from a nightmare, Carol screamed, “Leave me alone!” (Phillips 6). • According to Stephanie Bower, “Kids like to read” (Phillips 8).

  16. Blocked Quotations • 4 or more typed lines of text • Indent the entire quote 10 spaces (1 inch) (Control + M) • Do NOT use quotation marks • Continue Double Spacing • Double space between the signal phrase and the quotation • Cite the source after the end punctuation of the quote

  17. Blocked Quotations At the conclusion of Lord of the Flies, Ralph and the other boys realize the horror of their actions: The tears began to flow and sobs shook him. He gave himself up to them now for the first time on the island; great shuddering spasms of grief that seemed to wrench his whole body. His voice rose under the black smoke before the burning wreckage of the island; and infected by that emotion, the other little boys began to shake and sob too. (Golding186)

  18. Ellipses • Indicates the original passage has material that has been omitted • Ellipses are not necessary at the beginning or end of a quotation when taken from a large passage • If you use ellipses at the end of your sentence, you use a 4th dot to illustrate you have finished your sentence. • Example: During English class I learned “Shakespeare was born in 1564 . . . . He died 1616” (Jones 46).

  19. Brackets • Use brackets when you are inserting material into sentences that are not originally in the sentence--in other words, not done by the original author. Example: While reading the newspaper “he [unexpectedly] died of shock” (Kade 83). • Add brackets in sentences where you need to clarify information. Example: While reading the newspaper “he [Brian] died of shock” (Kade 83).

  20. Works Cited • A complete list of every source that you make reference to in your essay • Provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any sources cited in your essay • Each entry includes this basic information: • Author’s name • Title of work • Publication information: source of work, date published, volume and issue numbers, and page numbers Quick Tip: All sources cited in the paper must be listed on the Works Cited page. All sources listed on the Works Cited page must have been cited in the paper itself.

  21. Works Cited • Center the words Works Cited at the top – no quotes, italics, or underline • Pagination continues from your previous paper • Arrange sources alphabetically with the first letter of the entry – Do NOT number your sources • Each Entry Begins with a Hanging Indent (Control + T) • Each Individual Entry Is Double Spaced • Within the entry • Between entries • Do not put extra spaces in-between each entries

  22. Sample Works Cited Page • Smith 12 • Works Cited • Dickens, Charles. Bleak House. 1852-1853. New York: Penguin, • 1985. Print. • Miller, J. Hillis. Charles Dickens: The World and His Novels. • Bloomington: U of Indiana P, 1958. Print. • “Squeezing the Poor for Votes.” New York Times on the Web. 18 February • 2004. Web. 20 March 2004. <http://www.nytimes.com>. • Zwerdling, Alex. “Esther Summerson Rehabilitated.” PMLA 88 (May • 1973): 429-439. Print.

  23. Additional Help • Purdue Writing Center @ OWL • Modern Language Association • Noodle Tools

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