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WHO Health Behaviour in School Aged Children Study (HBSC) National Report for England 2010

WHO Health Behaviour in School Aged Children Study (HBSC) National Report for England 2010. Professor Fiona Brooks, Antony Morgan, Josefine Magnusson Dr Neil Spencer, Dr Ellen Klemera CRIPACC University of Hertfordshire www.hbscengland.com . What is HBSC?.

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WHO Health Behaviour in School Aged Children Study (HBSC) National Report for England 2010

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  1. WHO Health Behaviour in School Aged Children Study (HBSC) National Report for England 2010 Professor Fiona Brooks, Antony Morgan, Josefine Magnusson Dr Neil Spencer, Dr Ellen Klemera CRIPACC University of Hertfordshire www.hbscengland.com

  2. What is HBSC? • Unique international study that gathers data from young people about their health and wellbeing • Purpose to increase knowledge and understanding of adolescent health in relation to their social and developmental context • HBSC surveys conducted every 4 years in member countries • Standard international questionnaire & survey method • plus optional question packages • Data collected on 11,13 and 15 year olds in 43 member countries across Europe and North America.

  3. HBSC initiated in 1982 by three countries, adopted as a World Health Organisation (WHO) collaborative study Separate studies for Wales and Scotland. INTERNATIONAL REPORT EARLY 2012

  4. HBSC dimensions of health used by UNICEF to create the rankings were, self-reported health, health complaints, diet and physical activity

  5. Measures Measures in HBSC • Includes measures on physical, emotional and social health and well-being • Measures comprehensive range of behaviours both risk and promote health • Places health and behaviour of young people in social and developmental context

  6. Measures Measures in HBSC Health Related Behaviours Health and Well-being • Includes measures on physical, emotional and social health and well-being • Measures comprehensive range of behaviours both risk and promote health • Places health and behaviour of young people in social and developmental context Family Life School Peers and Community

  7. Health and Well-being Emotional and physical well-being operates as a protective asset during adolescence Conversely, poor health and well-being in the second decade of life can have profound implications for future life chances

  8. Well-beingLife Satisfaction & Happiness KEY MESSAGES Majority rated life satisfaction very positively 85% Mean happiness score correlates with life satisfaction All ages the proportions of girls’ rating life satisfaction positively was lower than boys. Proportions Reporting High Life Satisfaction

  9. Life Satisfaction & Affluence Proportions Reporting High Life Satisfaction Relative to Family Affluence 91% high affluence boys 79 % low affluence boys

  10. Self-Rated Health KEY MESSAGES 83.6% of young people report their health as ‘excellent’ or ‘good’ Older girls less likely to rate health positively In 2006 high numbers of girls reported feeling low at least once a week In 2010 unchanged 45.4%of 15 year old girls v. 22.5% of 15 year old boys Higher than for other GB countries Percentages of Young People rating their health as excellent or good by age and gender

  11. Long Term Conditions KEY MESSAGES 15% report a LTC or disability. 66% report being on medication for their condition 33% condition limits their participation in education Medicine use decreases with age for boys And significantly increases among older girls Young People who report taking medication for long term illness or disability

  12. Injuries Significant number report a medically attended injury 50-60% of boys, 40% of girls report having been injured in the last 12 months (and been treated by a doctor or nurse as a result) Minority report multiple injuries 7 % of boys and 5% of girls report having been injured 4 times or more. Family Affluence Girls in the highest FAS group are more likely to have been injured than those in the low and medium groups (47% high FAS, 37% medium FAS and 34% low FAS)  KEY MESSAGE need more data on this level of injury – PHC?

  13. Healthy Behaviours behaviours that are protective of physical health and well-being Adolescence a time of increasing independent choice – but broad socio-economic, and environmental factors also shape choices

  14. Healthy Eating Daily Fruit Eating 2006 & 2010 KEY MESSAGES Decrease since 2006 in eating fruit – more so by affluence England higher than other GB countries England 44% of Girls; Wales, 33% Girls.

  15. Eating Breakfast Young people who never eat breakfast during the week KEY MESSAGE Decline since 2006 2006, 65% boys, 50% girls aged 15 ate breakfast every week day 2010, 60% boys, 43% girls aged 15 ate breakfast every week day

  16. Proportions of Young People Engaged in Dieting/weight Reduction Strategies 11 year olds KEY MESSAGE Patterns consistent since 2006 Strong association between dieting and ‘skipping breakfast’ 15 Year olds GIRL BOY

  17. Physical Activity Proportions boys meeting recommended PA levels Proportions girls meet the recommended PA levels KEY MESSAGES Minority meet the recommended CMO guidelines Increase in PA since 2006 – ONLY significant for boys has policy and practice increased PA access for boys not girls?

  18. Physical Activity young people who participate in sporting activities with their family (weekly)

  19. Physical Activity young people who participate in sporting activities with friends (weekly)

  20. Substance Use While some risk taking in adolescence is a developmental norm the inter-relationship between multiple substance use is now being highlighted by research

  21. Alcohol & Smoking 11 year olds drinking weekly Alcohol consumption and smoking decreased 2002 18% of 11 year old boys & 10% of girls drank weekly 2010 only 3% boys & 1% of girls age 11 drank weekly 2006 10% boys & 14% girls regularly smoked 2010 13% boys & 18% girls Family affluence has an impact Alcohol consumption does differ by FAS, 44% high FAS drank in last 30 days compared to 28% low FAS

  22. Age of First Alcoholic Drink & Drunkenness(report from 15 year olds)

  23. Drinking To Excess Proportion of young people who have been drunk 2 or more times KEY MESSAGE By age 15 rates of drunkenness among girls exceeds that of boys, 45% girls, compared to 39% for boys

  24. Cannabis Use 15 Year Olds in GB 2006-2010 KEY MESSAGE England not seen the same level of reduction as other GB countries – especially among girls

  25. Multiple substance use among 15 year olds & life satisfaction 91% of boys high life satisfaction 84% of girls 86% of boys high life satisfaction 66% of girls

  26. Multiple substance use among 15 year olds & life satisfaction Protective Factors/Assets 1. Parental participation in how spend free time 2. Teacher Connectedness 3. Feeling safe in community and having friendly neighbourhood

  27. Age of First Sexual Intercourse(report by 15 year olds) Girls Boys Key Message: Among both boys and girls, fewer young people in 2010 report having their first sexual intercourse at a very young age than 2002.

  28. Family and School Life Key protective factors or essential assets for positive mental health and well-being are family school connectedness, including access to one supportive adult

  29. Quality of family communication more significant than family structure on health and well-being - a protective asset Age 11 majority (90%) of young people both sexes find it easy or very easy to talk to their mother about things that really bother them. Father also majority 80% boys, 72% of girls BUT Declines with Age Mothers (no gender difference) 82% (age 13) 75% (age 15) Fathers: Boys 77% (age 13) 70% (age 15) Girls 60% (age 13) and 51% (age 15) Communication with Parents

  30. School Connectedness Key Messages Liking school & feeling safe in school protective factors for attainment and self-efficacy Decrease since 2006 when 24% of girls and 26% of boys aged 15 liked school a lot Majority feel safe in school (60%) decreases with Age and Low FAS boys least likely to feel safe 58% vs 67% in high FAS. Young people who say the like school ‘a lot’ by age & gender

  31. Peer Relationships in School Key Messages Majority positive about peer relations in school have three or more friends (>85%) Numbers reporting never been bullied 72 % increase from 2002 (61%)

  32. Friends, Leisure &Community Encompass the social environment including friends, neighbours and the quality of the physical environment

  33. Community Proportions who feel safe in their local area by age and gender Majority feel safe in their local area 70% (contrast with Scotland 51%) Majority feel positive about community - over 50% feel live in area where people say ‘hello’ on the street Access to good places to go is more an issue for older young people (46% of boys 43% of girls aged 15 feel have good places to go) 65% feel other young people cause trouble in their area and 37% felt adults did as well. Boys at age 11 and 15 less likely than girls to feel safe

  34. Computer & Console Gaming Proportions playing daily during the week KEY MESSAGE Increase in game playing since 2006 – now a majority activity for boys

  35. Computer & Console Gaming Playing on a computer/games console 2+ hours a day on week days by family affluence group and gender Key Message In 2006 computer/console game playing was a majority activity of low FAS boys – 2010 Activity for all boys more so among high FAS boys

  36. Girls : well-being, PA, accumulated substance use, drunkenness. Better on, healthy eating, liking school Boys : feeling safe, computer gaming, liking school, doing better on PA, FAS: High Injuries (girls), alcohol consumption, computer playing Low life's satisfaction & accumulated substance use, early sexual intercourse. Summary Some Key Areas

  37. Unchangedfeeling low, dieting, family communication, life satisfaction and self rated health Changed positive early sexual intercourse, alcohol and smoking, PA boys, never bullied Changed negative healthy eating, liking school GB countries: Cannabis, feeling low New areas/increased attention and actions Early drinking, computer gaming, multiple substance use and impact on girls, low FAS boys, age 13 as a key point for action,. Summary Trends

  38. Measures Health Related Behaviours Measures in HBSC Health and well being measures Tobacco, alcohol & cannabis Physical activity Consumption of food and drink Tooth brushing Weight control behaviour Fighting and bullying Sexual behaviour TV and computer gaming Electronic communication • Includes measures on physical, emotional and social health and well-being • Measures comprehensive range of behaviours that both risk and promote health • Places health and behaviour of young people in social and developmental context • e.g. School & family life Self-rated health Life Satisfaction Happiness Emotional Health Self Efficacy Health Complaints Long Term Conditions Body Image Attended Injuries

  39. Family Life Measures in HBSC School Peers and Community Family structures Parental communication Parental support (especially school life) Shared family activities (meal times, sport etc) Liking school Academic attainment Pressure Relatedness with teachers Peer relationships in school Student participation PHSE lessons Friendships Spending time with friends Feeling safe in local area Access to places to spend free time Quality of local environment People who cause trouble

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