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History of DNA typing. 1980 - Ray White describes first polymorphic RFLP marker (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism [alleles])1985
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1. BIO 430:Forensic DNA Analysis Lecture 2 History of DNA typing
3. History of DNA Typing 1986 - RFLP first used in Forensic setting in England to solve a double homicide case
1988 - FBI starts DNA casework
1990 Human Genome project initiated
1991 Fluorescent STR markers first described
4. History of DNA Typing 1992 FBI starts casework using PCR-based techniques
1993 First STR kits become available
1994 O.J. Simpson trial; first publicized case involving DNA evidence
5. History of DNA Typing 1995 - FSS (Forensic Science Service-UK) starts UK DNA database
1996 First multiplex STR kits become available
1998 - FBI launches CODIS (Combined DNA Information Service); now FBI use 13 STR loci
6. History of DNA Typing 2000 FBI and other labs stop running RFLP cases and convert to multiplex STRs
2003 Human Genome Project completed (mostly)
7. Sources of Biological Evidence Blood
Semen
Saliva
Urine
Hair
Teeth
Bone
Tissue
8. Steps in DNA Sample Processing