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Jean-Jacques Rousseau vs. Baron De Montesquieu

Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Background Information . Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born on June 28th, 1712, in Geneva, Switzerland. Rousseau was raised by his aunt and uncle, after he was abandoned by his father at the age of ten. When Rousseau was older he wrote several books on political issues. His most famous book was The Social Contract. A social contract is an agreement for mutual benefit between an individual or group and the government or community as a whole. .

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau vs. Baron De Montesquieu

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    1. Jean-Jacques Rousseau vs. Baron De Montesquieu By: Anna Cooke Victoria Bogdan Momina Ali Amy Farb

    3. Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Theories on Government Who has the power to rule? The state, the sovereign assembly of citizens will govern. How do people running the government get their power? The sovereign gains power by the rule of law in direct democracy because everyone has input in the decisions.

    4. Theories Continued What rights do citizens have if any under this form of government? The citizens have as much freedom as possible to make their own decisions. Under what circumstances can the government limit citizens individual rights? When citizens refuse to obey laws set for the common good by the people, the government will have the power to force them to obey.

    5. Theories Continued What are the advantages and disadvantages to your philosophers theory of government? The advantages are the citizens are given a great deal of freedom and have many rights. The citizens can directly participate within their government and this ensures their freedom. The disadvantages are that without a strong government people will have no force making them obey and it could become chaotic. The citizens would also be under a lot of pressure to participate directly, so they would not be able to delegate governmental tasks to others who wish to perform them.

    6. Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Natural Rights Said that citizens give up some natural rights in a social contract with the government to gain civil rights. Said a social contract determines government and should ensure the freedom and equality of citizens Said there is a balance that must be made between supreme authority and the rights of citizens.

    7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Theories within Theories? Jean-Jacques Rousseaus theories have some basis in communism, because of his preaching for the good of the majority and people as a whole, not the individual.

    8. Baron De Montesquieu Baron de Montesquieu was born in 1689 in France. He was born to a very wealthy family and as an adult was able to go to college where he studied and became a lawyer. Montesquieu became famous in 1721 for his published works, and later published many books, the most famous of them being The Spirit of the Laws.

    9. Baron De Montesquieu: Theories on Government Who has the power to rule? He believed that not all people are equal and that women and slaves were weaker than others, although women could be of some help in government. How do people running the government get their power? The government should be elected by the people and a balance of power is necessary for a successful democracy.

    10. Theories Continued What rights do citizens have if any under this form of government? Citizens should not be forced to do what they dont want and liberty is essential. Liberty was The right to be left alone. Under what circumstances can the government limit citizens individual rights? The balance of power is essential, even with the citizens, and when a citizen is found to be threatening the democracy, their rights could be limited.

    11. Theories Continued What are the advantages and disadvantages of your philosophers theory of government? The advantages are that through the checks and balances the government is very stable and on branch can not gain to much power and overthrow the others. The disadvantages are that the government can not get things done as quickly because the decisions must be approved by all the branches.

    12. Baron De Montesquieu: Theories within theories? He believed in the separation of powers. He also believes in Democracy and that people should be the ones electing the government.

    13. Baron De Montesquieu: Natural Rights Baron De Montesquieu believed that though people did have natural rights, these could not be abused and that there should be limitations. He preached the dangers of excessive liberty, and urged moderation within the government. His philosophies stated that a government must be neither to liberal nor to conservative.

    14. Bibliography The Literature Network, http://www.online-literature.com/rousseau/ Baron De Montesquieu, http://www.rjgeib.com/thoughts/montesquieu/montesquieu-bio.html

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