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PREWRITING STRATEGIES

PREWRITING STRATEGIES. TECHNIQUES THAT WRITERS USE TO HELP THEM GET IDEAS DOWN ON PAPER AND TO DISCOVER WHAT THEY KNOW (AND DON’T KNOW) ABOUT A TOPIC. PREWRITING STRATEGIES (cont.). ALSO HELP WRITERS W/ THE PROBLEM OF OVERCOMING INERTIA & GETTING STARTED. PREWRITING STRATEGIES (cont.).

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PREWRITING STRATEGIES

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  1. PREWRITING STRATEGIES • TECHNIQUES THAT WRITERS USE TO HELP THEM GET IDEAS DOWN ON PAPER AND TO DISCOVER WHAT THEY KNOW (AND DON’T KNOW) ABOUT A TOPIC.

  2. PREWRITING STRATEGIES (cont.) • ALSO HELP WRITERS W/ THE PROBLEM OF OVERCOMING INERTIA & GETTING STARTED.

  3. PREWRITING STRATEGIES (cont.) SOME COMMON PREWRITING STRAT-EGIES: • FREEWRITING • CLUSTERING • OUTLINING • BRAINSTORMING • HEURISTICS

  4. FREEWRITING • WRITING NON-STOP FOR A MANAGE-ABLE PERIOD OF TIME (10-15 MINS.) • THE ONLY RULE: DO NOT STOP WRIT-ING FOR ANY REASON UNTIL THE TIME IS UP.

  5. FREEWRITING (cont.) • REDUCES ANXIETY BY ALLOWING A WRITER TO EXPRESS IMMEDIATE FEEL-INGS, QUESTIONS, & IDEAS ABOUT A TOPIC. • GETS WORDS & IDEAS FLOWING; HELPS OVERCOME THE URGE TO EDIT.

  6. FREEWRITING (cont.) • AFTER FREEWRITING, UNDERLINE STRIKING WORDS OR IDEAS THAT CAN SERVE AS STARTING POINTS FOR FUR-THER THINKING & (FREE)WRITING.

  7. FREEWRITING (cont.) • CAN ALSO BE A USEFUL WARM-UP ACTIVITY FOR TAKING OUT ONE’S MENTAL “GARBAGE.”

  8. CLUSTERING • A VISUAL FORM OF BRAINSTORMING THAT HELPS A WRITER SEE RELATION-SHIPS AMONG IDEAS BETTER THAN FREEWRITING DOES.

  9. CLUSTERING (cont.) • BASIC PROCEDURE: (1) CIRCLE TOPIC IN MIDDLE OF PAGE. (2) WRITE DOWN (AND CIRCLE) OTHER IDEAS & CONNECT RELATED IDEAS W/ LINES.

  10. CLUSTERING (cont.) • ANY WORD OR IDEA IN A CLUSTER CAN BECOME THE STARTING POINT OF A NEW CLUSTER, WHICH CAN PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR SUPPORTING PARA-GRAPHS.

  11. OUTLINING • HELPS PLAN THE ORGANIZATION OF AN ESSAY AS WELL AS GENERATE IDEAS. • THREE BASIC TYPES OF OUTLINES: • SCRATCH • TOPIC • SENTENCE

  12. SCRATCH OUTLINE • A ROUGH LIST OF INTENDED POINTS & IDEAS (THE LEAST FORMAL TYPE OF OUTLINE).

  13. TOPIC OUTLINE • MORE DETAILED, W/ IDEAS PRESENTED IN KEY WORDS OR PHRASES IN CONVEN-TIONAL OUTLINE FORMAT (I.E., W/ NUM-BERED & LETTERED HEADINGS & SUB-HEADINGS).

  14. SENTENCE OUTLINE • EVEN MORE DEVELOPED IN COMPLETE SENTENCES, EACH SENTENCE BEING A SUBTOPIC FOR A SUPPORTING PARA-GRAPH. CONTAINS MOST OF THE IN-FORMATION IN AN ESSAY (THE MOST FORMAL TYPE OF OUTLINE).

  15. BRAINSTORMING • RAPID FREE ASSOCIATION & LISTING OF IDEAS ABOUT A TOPIC. • THE BASIC RULE: WRITE DOWN ALL IDEAS THAT COME TO MIND IN SINGLE WORDS OR SHORT PHRASES; OMITNOTHING.

  16. BRAINSTORMING (cont.) • AFTER INITIAL BRAINSTORMING, ANA-LYZE THE LIST BY DOING THE FOLLOW-ING KINDS OF THINGS: • PUT ASTERISKS, STARS, ETC. NEXT TO THE MOST PROMISING ITEMS; • NUMBER KEY ITEMS IN ORDER OF IMPOR-TANCE;

  17. BRAINSTORMING (cont.) • ANALYZE BRAINSTORMING BY: • GROUP RELATED ITEMS; • CROSS OUT UNPROMISING ITEMS; • ADD NEW ITEMS.

  18. HEURISTICS • A HEURISTICIS A SYSTEMATIC DIS-COVERY PROCEDURE THAT FORCES A WRITER TO CONSIDER DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF A TOPIC.

  19. HEURISTICS (cont.) • AN EXAMPLE OF A HEURISTIC IS THE JOURNALIST’S QUESTIONS: WHO, WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHY, & HOW.

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