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What is this saying about Theodore Roosevelt and his foreign policy?

What is this saying about Theodore Roosevelt and his foreign policy?. "speak softly, and carry a big stick.“ Theodore Roosevelt. TR and his Big Stick In the Caribbean, 1904, by W.A. Rogers. The Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy. 1901 becomes President - What do we already know about him?

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What is this saying about Theodore Roosevelt and his foreign policy?

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  1. What is this saying about Theodore Roosevelt and his foreign policy? "speak softly, and carry a big stick.“ Theodore Roosevelt TR and his Big Stick In the Caribbean, 1904, by W.A. Rogers

  2. The Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy • 1901 becomes President - What do we already know about him? • 1904 Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine • “international police power” • Caribbean = America’s lake • “Speak softly and carry a big stick”… Big Stick Diplomacy

  3. Roosevelt, 1904 • Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of ties of civilized society, may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the western hemisphere, the adherence of the U.S. to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of international police power. • What is Roosevelt saying??

  4. T.R. Intervenes in Panama, 1903, by Scar

  5. Panama or Bust," The New York Times, 1903, artist unknown

  6. Corbis The Man Who Can Make Dirt Fly

  7. New York World Coup d'Etat, 1903

  8. The Panama Canal • Panama (Spain to Colombia in 1821) • French tried to build a canal in 1880s • Sell rights to US for $40 million • 1902 US wanted to try – Colombian resistance • "You could no more make an agreement with them than you could nail currant jelly to a wall," Roosevelt • Panamanian Revolution – 1903 independent (US warships) • Roosevelt, “Panama rebelled as one man” • Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty of 1903 • 10 mile wide strip, $10 million, $250,000 annual, guaranteed Panamanian independence • 1914 canal opens • 25,000 died in total - $375 million

  9. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lufdPIRgxtY (223 ish)

  10. Is this right? • “I took the Canal Zone and let Congress debate; and while the debate goes on the Canal does also.” • How it works: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vi19z4LEi0

  11. Summarize the events that led to the creation of the Panama Canal:

  12. T.R. Intervenes in Panama, 1903, by Scar

  13. Panama or Bust," The New York Times, 1903, artist unknown

  14. Library of Congress "My, my, such possibilities"

  15. Corbis The Man Who Can Make Dirt Fly

  16. New York World Coup d'Etat, 1903

  17. Make sure to cite specific text & imagery in your answers. • How is Teddy Roosevelt portrayed in your cartoons? • What comment is each cartoonist making about Roosevelt's involvement in the Panama Canal project? • What images of America and its role in global affairs are presented in these cartoons? • What does the cartoon teach you about the Panama Canal?

  18. American Diplomacy Outside of the Americas • 1900 China becomes an “Open Door” • In 1907, Roosevelt sent the “Great White Fleet” of 16 U.S. warships on the first world naval tour in history • demonstrate military strength. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XKr5KUIA6gQ

  19. Roosevelt’s form of diplomacy was: • Smart? • Arrogant? • Imperialist? • Visionary?

  20. How do Taft and Wilson Compare? • Taft – Dollar Diplomacy • Wilson – Missionary Diplomacy • Based on the names, what do you think each of these men’s foreign policy will entail?

  21. William Howard Taft: 1909-1913 • Dollar Diplomacy - “substituting dollars for bullets” • American development would create long lasting peace and security • America would use the military and diplomacy to help promote U.S. business interests overseas Non colonial imperial expansion… huh??? • Why is long term stability in Latin America important to the USA? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5d_J-fUG_b0

  22. Dollar Diplomacy in Action: Central America • Honduras • owed British lots of money • America paid off debts & American business men remained in Honduras • Nicaragua • Revolution 1909 America intervened & helped rebels & put in new government • Revolution of 1911 America defended existing government against rebels – • Took control of country’s finances • Is dollar diplomacy negative or positive? • Any unintended consequences?

  23. What do we think about Taft’s foreign policy?

  24. Woodrow Wilson: 1913-1921 • “It would be the irony of fate if my administration had to deal chiefly with foreign affairs." • Wilson promised the people ambitious domestic reforms in 1912 election • No more big stick & dollar diplomacy… • Any thoughts on this????

  25. Woodrow Wilson: 1913-1921 • America’s job to spread democracy • Missionary or Moral diplomacy • Support only democratic countries • Teach other countries, “how to elect good men” • Any of this sound familiar? • Any irony in using force to spread democracy? • Think it will work? Why/why not?

  26. Missionary Diplomacy in Action: Mexico • 1877-1910 Diaz – maintains order & stability in Mexico, HOWEVER a dictator: • No freedom press, jailed opponents, foreign $ • 1910 election, uprisings & F. Madero President • 1913 General Huerta overthrew, jailed then executed Madero • Americans in Mexico asked for help…. Why? • 4 Mexican armies rise up all fighting for control & US arrives & supports Carranza • 1914-1920 Carranza Rules • 1916 – Pancho Villa retaliates • US goes on a Villa man hunt • How would you describe the actions above? • Why does the US get involved? Unintended consequences?

  27. Besides Mexico, Wilson got involved in: • Haiti • Dominican Republic • Nicaragua

  28. This heavy hand had a profound impact on Central America

  29. Map of Involvement • http://www.teachingamericanhistory.org/neh/interactives/caribbean/

  30. From Brooks Adams, The New Empire, 1902.TRUE???? • The West Indies drift toward us, the Republic of Mexico hardly longer has an independent life, and the city of Mexico is an American town. With the completion of the Panama Canal all Central America will become part of our system. We have expanded into Asia, we have attracted the fragments of the Spanish dominions, and reaching out into China we have checked the advance of Russia and Germany. . . . . We are penetrating into Europe, and Great Britain especially is gradually assuming the position of a dependency. . . . The United States will outweigh any single empire, if not all empires combined. The whole world will pay her tribute. Commerce will flow to her from both east and west, and the order which has existed from the dawn of time will be reversed.

  31. Questions to think about • How would you describe America’s foreign policy during the first 20 years of the twentieth century? • Has it changed much today, how so?

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