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STEM

STEM. Sebastian Charter Junior High. I. What is STEM?. The acronym STEM stands for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics.

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STEM

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  1. STEM Sebastian Charter Junior High

  2. I. What is STEM? • The acronym STEM stands for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics.

  3. Science is the study of the natural world, including the laws of nature associated with physics, chemistry, and biology and the treatment or application of facts, principles, concepts, or conventions associated with these disciplines. • Technology comprises the entire system of people and organizations, knowledge, processes, and devices that go into creating and operating technological artifacts, as well as the artifacts themselves. • Engineering is a body of knowledge about the design and creation of products and a process for solving problems. Engineering utilizes concepts in science and mathematics and technological tools. • Mathematics is the study of patterns and relationships among quantities, numbers, and shapes. Mathematics includes theoretical mathematics and applied mathematics like statistics and probability

  4. Forensic Science & STEM • This approach is designed to revolutionize the teaching of subject areas such as mathematics and science… • by incorporating technology and engineering into regular curriculum by creating a “meta-discipline.”

  5. Forensic Science & STEM Forensic Science is eminently adaptable to the STEM initiative in that, by its holisticnature, it requires the use of mathematics, engineering, physics, earth science, chemistry, accounting, psychology, and computer science, to name just a few of its subfields.

  6. What is Forensic Science? • Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to questions of civil and criminal law.

  7. What is CSI? • CSIs, or Crime Scene Investigators, examine the location where a crime took place (or another location where evidence of the crime may be found). • They can be specialized technicians (i.e., fingerprint experts), or even fully trained forensic scientists.

  8. Course Topics & Perspective • Course focus is on the collection and analysis of crime scene evidence (such as serology, toxicology, entomology, odontology and trace evidence), and the • Exploration of lab analysis techniques, (such as chromatography, DNA analysis, fingerprinting, and hair and footprint analysis).

  9. Course Topics & Perspective • Forensic scientists are also required to testify in court about their analysis of evidence. • To practice this, we will conduct a mock crime and court in which the class will divide in half, conduct an investigation, and hold a courtroom proceeding.

  10. But First…. How does Real Life (IRL) Crime Scene Forensics compare to shows like “CSI” on TV?

  11. VS

  12. CSI You get to analyze DNA, fibers, firearms, fingerprints and explosives all in a single day’s work

  13. IRL You get to be an expert in one or two of the following fields:

  14. CSI You work in dark rooms, lit only with blue light where you get to use really cool scientific instruments that always give you the answers you are looking for

  15. IRL You work in a well lit laboratory where you get to usehigh-tech instruments to produce unbiased scientific data

  16. CSI You carry a gun and interrogate suspects

  17. IRL You get to be a scientist, not a detective This is likely your most powerful weapon

  18. CSI You drive around in a Hummer

  19. IRL You usually drive around in a retired patrol car, or worse

  20. CSI You get to wear very expensive designer clothing

  21. IRL You get to wear a nice white lab coat, with your name embroidered on it

  22. CSI You get a whole crime solved in less than 60 minutes, even with commercials.

  23. IRL You get to provide an important piece to the puzzle and help do what you can in a realistic time frame(which may be months)

  24. OK, What Does a Forensic Scientist Actually Do? • On a daily basis, you might: • Process or analyze evidence • Write reports • Assist at crime scenes • Do research and validations • Conduct interviews with attorneys • Testify in court • Train police officers or other criminalists

  25. Projected Job Trends • Projected growth nationally from 2006-2016 is 31% • Projected growth in Florida 2006-2016 is 28% • Both ranked as much faster than average job growth for the ten year period • Ranked as 7th fastest growing field nationally for careers requiring at least a bachelor’s degree Statistics according to Occupational Outlook Handbook and Career One Stop

  26. But, What do Forensic Scientists Actually Do?

  27. CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES

  28. CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES

  29. SEROLOGY -Identify stains -Identify body fluids such as blood, saliva, urine, and fecal material

  30. DNA Mother Child Father

  31. LATENT PRINTS

  32. LATENT PRINTS

  33. FIREARMS

  34. FIREARMS

  35. TRACE EVIDENCE Fracture matches Unknowns (duct tape, wood, soil) Footwear/Tire tracks impression Paint Glass Hair Fiber

  36. QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS

  37. Interdisciplinary Relationships • Forensics is a diverse field, and rarely are forensic scientists “generalists” – people who specialize in all aspects of forensic science. Forget what you see on CSI. • Rather, forensic experts usually specialize in one or two branches of forensic investigation.

  38. A botanist may be an expert in forensic botany (plants)

  39. An entomologist may be an expert in forensic entomology (bugs)

  40. Chemists may specialize in forensic toxicology (poisons), or arson and bomb analysis

  41. People with expertise in physics may focus on firearms and ballistics, or blood spatter analysis

  42. Why do we look to science for assistance in our legal system? • Increasing Crime Rates • New or Changed Laws • New Crimes • New Weapons • Response to Public Concerns • Response to Law Enforcement Concerns

  43. New Weapons?

  44. Time for a Break?

  45. Applying Science to Law • Applying science to the Criminal Justice System depends on a scientist’s ability to supply accurate & objective information that reflects the events that have occurred at a crime.

  46. Basic Concept of Forensic Science • Locard’s Exchange Principle • “Every Contact Leaves a Trace.” • He believed that every criminal can be connected to a crime by particles carried from the crime scene. • When a criminal comes in contact with an object or person, a cross-transfer of evidence occurs.

  47. The Wonderful Weirdness of Forensic Science:The Body Farm • Primary Goal: To understand the processes & timetable of postmortem decay, primarily to improve determining the "timesincedeath" in murder cases. • The Body Farm is a simulation of various crime scenes using real human bodies. • Started in 1970’s by Dr Bill Bass to study Forensic Anthropology (the study of human decomposition after death).

  48. Key Question for the Body Farm: Time Since Death (TSD)? How does the decomposition rate compare in: • sunshine vs shade? • In cool weather vs hot weather? • In a shallow grave vs on the ground? • In water? • Inside a car? • What effect do other variables have—humidity, insect activity, clothing, body weight, & so on?

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