Passage II Pros and Cons of “ Chatroom ”

1. Session 3 Passage II Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Section IV Trying Your Hand

2. Section III Passage 2 Pros and Cons of “Chat-room” Lead in Global Reading Practice

3. Lead in 1. Some Information 2. Warm-up questions

4. Some Information How to Chat in the Chat room The common procedure: First, you must get into the chat room of a website. Then you should choose a topic. After that you decide on the name you’d like to use and get registered. The last step is to choose a partner you would like to chat with.

5. Warm-up Questions 1. Have you ever chatted online? 2. What’s your opinion of chatting online? 3. Do you think it good to make friends online? (Open)

6. Global Reading 1. Questions for discussion 2. Abbreviation practice 3. Summary 4. Words and Sentences

7. Questions for Group Discussion • What did the author think of the chat-room • at first? He found it entertaining.

8. Questions for Group Discussion 2. What conclusion did the author make afterwards about the chat-room? It has the potential to change one’s relationship to society.

9. Questions for Group Discussion 3. What other advantages does the chat-room have? People can make friends from around the world on the Internet.

10. Questions for Group Discussion 4. Do you think chatting on the Internet is a way to make new friends? Why do you/don’t you think so? Yes, it is easy to make new friends from around the world on the Internet. Chatters even may fall in love. It is quite common. or No, I don’t think so. Meeting new friends in real life and doing so online are not the same thing. In real life people can form and maintain sensible relationship. However, people usually remain anonymous when chatting online, which may lead to a kind of cheating, for people usually lie when chatting online. So chatting online may be dangerous. That’s why it is not a good way to make new friends.

11. Questions for Group Discussion 5. What other disadvantages does chatting online have? It may make people withdraw from society and become isolated.

12. Abbreviation practice The students pick up and practice the abbreviations often used when chatting online. Here are some more abbreviations while chatting on line. As far as I'm concerned. 1) AFAIC: As far as I know. 2) AFAIK: 3) AFK: Away from keyboard. 4) AMBW: All my best wishes. 5) B4N: Bye for now. (I’ll) Be back later. 6) BBL: 7) DBEYR: Don't believe everything you read. 8) DLTM: Don't lie to me. 9) IDKY: I Don't know you. Mind your own Business. 10) MYOB:

13. Summary forum The Internet chat-room is a new and popular 1_______. People may meet 2_____________ in it or even 3__________ with someone. It is very 4_________ and exciting to chat online. However, chatting can be 5__________. People who chat online usually 6________ about their personal 7_________. They prefer to remain 8___________ when chatting with each other. Thus they are likely to 9________ others or even tell dirty 10____________. So we say that chatting online can be both exciting and dangerous. new friends fall in love relaxing dangerous lie identities anonymous offend jokes Please click the blanks to get the answers.

14. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” pro n. an advantage or a reason for doing something 赞成的立场，正面的理由   FOR EXAMPLE: One of the big pros of living in Madrid is the exiting night life.   We considered all the pros and cons very carefully before deciding to buy a bigger house.   Para.1 Recently, I discovered the Internet chatroom. I found the experience very enter-taining, chatting with three strangers at the same time about nothing at all. I thought it was a very relaxing way to spend an evening. Later, however, I thought about the possible dangerous effects of an Internet chatroom, and came to a conclusion: it has the poten-tial to change man’s relationship to society, maybe even reinvent man himself. 1

15. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” con: n. a disadvantage or a reason for not doing something 反对的立场，反面的理由 FOR EXAMPLE:   One of the cons of buying a bigger car is that it will cost more to run.   You must weigh up all the pros and cons of the matter before you make a decision.   Para.1 Recently, I discovered the Internet chatroom. I found the experience very enter-taining, chatting with three strangers at the same time about nothing at all. I thought it was a very relaxing way to spend an evening. Later, however, I thought about the possible dangerous effects of an Internet chatroom, and came to a conclusion: it has the poten-tial to change man’s relationship to society, maybe even reinvent man himself. 1

16. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” chat: v. talk in an informal and friendly way, especially about things that are not serious or important 闲谈   FOR EXAMPLE: She enjoys chatting to her friends over a cup of coffee.   You can’t sit here chatting all morning.   We chatted about what we did when we were children.   Para.1 Recently, I discovered the Internet chatroom. I found the experience very enter-taining, chatting with three strangers at the same time about nothing at all. I thought it was a very relaxing way to spend an evening. Later, however, I thought about the possible dangerous effects of an Internet chatroom, and came to a conclusion: it has the poten-tial to change man’s relationship to society, maybe even reinvent man himself. 1

17. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.1 Recently, I discovered the Internet chatroom. I found the experience very enter-taining, chatting with three strangers at the same time about nothing at all. I thought it was a very relaxing way to spend an evening. Later, however, I thought about the possible dangerous effects of an Internet chatroom, and came to a conclusion: it has the poten-tial to change man’s relationship to society, maybe even reinvent man himself. 1. I found the experience very entertaining, chatting with three strangers at the same time about nothing at all.   (Para. 1) Analysis: The verb find often takes an object complement structure, with the latter being in the following forms: to V, V-ing, V-ed, adjective, prepositional phrase, adverb phrase and so on. Translation: 我发现同时与三个陌生人在网上聊天是一种非常令人愉快的经历。 Example: I eventually found her reading a newspaper in the library. She was found unconscious 50 metres from the scene of the accident. 1

18. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.1 Recently, I discovered the Internet chatroom. I found the experience very enter-taining, chatting with three strangers at the same time about nothing at all. I thought it was a very relaxing way to spend an evening. Later, however, I thought about the possible dangerous effects of an Internet chatroom, and came to a conclusion: it has the poten-tial to change man’s relationship to society, maybe even reinvent man himself. effect:result that can have an influence e.g. One of the effects of bad weather is poor crops. take effect:come into operation, start to have results e.g. The new tax system will take effect next May. in effect:into operation e.g. The rule will come into effect on Monday. 1

19. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.1 Recently, I discovered the Internet chatroom. I found the experience very enter-taining, chatting with three strangers at the same time about nothing at all. I thought it was a very relaxing way to spend an evening. Later, however, I thought about the possible dangerous effects of an Internet chatroom, and came to a conclusion: it has the poten-tial to change man’s relationship to society, maybe even reinvent man himself. come to a conclusion: make a judgment or decision similar phrases: reach a conclusion; arrive at a conclusion e.g. What conclusion did you come to/ reach/ arrive at? 1

20. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.1 Recently, I discovered the Internet chatroom. I found the experience very enter-taining, chatting with three strangers at the same time about nothing at all. I thought it was a very relaxing way to spend an evening. Later, however, I thought about the possible dangerous effects of an Internet chatroom, and came to a conclusion: it has the poten-tial to change man’s relationship to society, maybe even reinvent man himself. potential: possibility for developing or being developed e.g. He has made a new invention with a big sales potential. 1

21. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.2The Internet chatroom is a new and popular forum in which to meet new friends from around the world. Stories of “chatters” falling in love are very common. We cannot say that chatting online is bad---after all, they are only making new friends. popular: favored by many people e.g. The professor is very popular with her students. 2

22. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” forum: n. an organization, meeting, television program, etc that allows people to publicly discuss things of general interest 论坛   FOR EXAMPLE: The association began as a forum for sharing ideas about management problems.   The main purpose of the conference was to provide forum for community workers to discuss government health policy.   Para.2The Internet chatroom is a new and popular forum in which to meet new friends from around the world. Stories of “chatters” falling in love are very common. We cannot say that chatting online is bad---after all, they are only making new friends. 2

23. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.2The Internet chatroom is a new and popular forum in which to meet new friends from around the world. Stories of “chatters” falling in love are very common. We cannot say that chatting online is bad---after all, they are only making new friends. 2 2. The Internet chatroom is a new and popular forum in which to meet new friends from around the world.   (Para. 2) Analysis: In which refers to in a new and popular forum. Notice that which here is introducing an infinitive rather than a relative clause.   Translation: 网上聊天室是一个新的可以在全世界结交新朋友的流行论坛。   Example: The speed at which to solve a problem depends on the speed at which the operator can work.  

24. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” common: found or happening often or in many places, usual e.g. He expressed sympathy for the common people. in common: in shared possession e.g. Real friends should have everything in common with each other. The swimming pool is used in common by all the children in the neighborhood. Para.2The Internet chatroom is a new and popular forum in which to meet new friends from around the world. Stories of “chatters” falling in love are very common. We cannot say that chatting online is bad---after all, they are only making new friends. 2

25. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.3 Even some experts say that chatting can be addictive, and they point out that the problem lies with the chatter. A chatroom is not exactly a drug. However, there is something inherently wrong with chatting on line. In fact, to say that chatting is a way to meet new friends is very misleading. Meeting new friends in real life and doing so online are not the same thing. be addicted to: dependent on, unable to stop taking e.g. Many children are addicted to television. Peter is addicted to smoking now although he is only a teenager.

26. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” point out: draw attention to eg: May I point out that if we don’t leave now we’ll miss the bus? Para.3 Even some experts say that chatting can be addictive, and they point out that the problem lies with the chatter. A chatroom is not exactly a drug. However, there is something inherently wrong with chatting on line. In fact, to say that chatting is a way to meet new friends is very misleading. Meeting new friends in real life and doing so online are not the same thing.

27. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” misleading: a. a statement, fact, or report that is misleading makes you believe something that is in fact wrong or incorrect 误导的   FOR EXAMPLE: You need to be careful when you’re looking at statistics----they can be very misleading.   His comments may not have been deliberately untruthful, but they were highly misleading.   Para.3 Even some experts say that chatting can be addictive, and they point out that the problem lies with the chatter. A chatroom is not exactly a drug. However, there is something inherently wrong with chatting on line. In fact, to say that chatting is a way to meet new friends is very misleading. Meeting new friends in real life and doing so online are not the same thing.

28. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.4In real life, when we meet people, we tend to make allowances to accept their points-of-view. Socially, it’s diplomatic to respect the opinions of others. When we are very young and have no friends, we can say anything we want and we often do. However, as we mature sometimes we must make compromisesin terms of who we are, so that we can form and maintain sensible relationships. tend: be likely (to do sth.) e.g. Janet tends to be angry if you ask her personal questions. 3

29. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.4In real life, when we meet people, we tend to make allowances to accept their points-of-view. Socially, it’s diplomatic to respect the opinions of others. When we are very young and have no friends, we can say anything we want and we often do. However, as we mature sometimes we must make compromises in terms of who we are, so that we can form and maintain sensible relationships. allowance : n. the taking into consideration of facts that may change something, esp. an opinion考虑到   FOR EXAMPLE: We should make allowance for bad weather and have plenty of umbrellas available.   You should make allowances for him----he’s been quite ill recently.   3

30. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.4In real life, when we meet people, we tend to make allowances to accept their points-of-view. Socially, it’s diplomatic to respect the opinions of others. When we are very young and have no friends, we can say anything we want and we often do. However, as we mature sometimes we must make compromisesin terms of who we are, so that we can form and maintain sensible relationships. diplomatic: a. involving the management of the relationships between countries, acting in a way that does not cause offence 外交上的，策略的   FOR EXAMPLE: The two leaders have been involved in lengthy diplomatic negotiations.   Ask him nicely ----be diplomatic.   3

31. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” compromise: n. agreement in an argument in which the people involved reduce their demands or change their opinion in order to agree 妥协，让步   FOR EXAMPLE: It is hoped that a compromise will be reached in today’s talks.   She found that compromise was always the best policy when she got involved in arguments with her mother.   Para.4In real life, when we meet people, we tend to make allowances to accept their points-of-view. Socially, it’s diplomatic to respect the opinions of others. When we are very young and have no friends, we can say anything we want and we often do. However, as we mature sometimes we must make compromisesin terms of who we are, so that we can form and maintain sensible relationships. 3

32. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.4In real life, when we meet people, we tend to make allowances to accept their points-of-view. Socially, it’s diplomatic to respect the opinions of others. When we are very young and have no friends, we can say anything we want and we often do. However, as we mature sometimes we must make compromises in terms of who we are, so that we can form and maintain sensible relationships. in terms of: as regards e.g. These events are not to be explained in terms of what happened last week. It has been a terrible year in terms of business. 3

33. 3. However, as we mature sometimes we must make compromises in terms of who we are, so that we can form and maintain sensible relationships.   (Para. 4) Analysis: As here introduces an adverbial clause of time. In terms of here is used to make clear in which particular aspects compromises should be made. So that introduces a clause of result.   Translation: 然而，当我们长大成熟之后, 我们必须视我们的身份而留有余地，这样我们才能建立和维持合理的关系。   Example: He becomes more attractive as he gets older.   A 200-year-old building is very old in terms of American history.   Leave the keys on the table so that I can remember to take them with me when I leave.   Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.4In real life, when we meet people, we tend to make allowances to accept their points-of-view. Socially, it’s diplomatic to respect the opinions of others. When we are very young and have no friends, we can say anything we want and we often do. However, as we mature sometimes we must make compromises in terms of who we are, so that we can form and maintain sensible relationships. 3

34. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.5One of the problems I see with the growth of Internet chatrooms is anonymity. The ability to remain anonymous leads to a kind of cheating as lying about personal identity is perfectly acceptable and considered normal in chatrooms. Offending others and telling dirty jokes are often found in the chatrooms. We “unlearn” what we learn in society. We feel that we can say this freedom can be exciting and is also dangerous. anonymity: n. the condition of being anonymous 匿名   FOR EXAMPLE: The police have reassured witnesses who may be afraid to come forward that they will be guaranteed anonymity.   I love walking around a city where I’m not known ---it’s anonymity.   4

35. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.5One of the problems I see with the growth of Internet chatrooms is anonymity. The ability to remain anonymous leads to a kind of cheating as lying about personal identity is perfectly acceptable and considered normal in chatrooms. Offending others and telling dirty jokes are often found in the chatrooms. We “unlearn” what we learn in society. We feel that we can say this freedom can be exciting and is also dangerous. anonymous : a. (of a person) with name unknown, (of a piece of writing) without the writer’s name 匿名的   FOR EXAMPLE: Police said an anonymous caller warned just after midnight yesterday that a bomb was about to go off.   The money was donated by an anonymous benefactor.   4

36. 4. The ability to remain anonymous leads to a kind of cheating as lying about personal identity is perfectly acceptable and considered normal in chatrooms. (Para. 5) Analysis: As introduces a clause of reason, meaning because.   Translation: 隐瞒个人身份是完全被接受的，也被认为是正常的, 所以不透露姓名会引起 某种欺骗。   Example: As it was getting later, I decided to go back to the hotel.   Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.5One of the problems I see with the growth of Internet chatrooms is anonymity. The ability to remain anonymous leads to a kind of cheating as lying about personal identity is perfectly acceptable and considered normal in chatrooms. Offending others and telling dirty jokes are often found in the chatrooms. We “unlearn” what we learn in society. We feel that we can say this freedom can be exciting and is also dangerous. 4

37. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.5One of the problems I see with the growth of Internet chatrooms is anonymity. The ability to remain anonymous leads to a kind of cheating as lying about personal identity is perfectly acceptable and considered normal in chatrooms. Offending others and telling dirty jokes are often found in the chatrooms. We “unlearn” what we learn in society. We feel that we can say this freedom can be exciting and is also dangerous. offend: hurt the feeling of; cause displeasure of e.g. I was very much offended that you forgot my birthday. The terrorists’ crazy attacks offended the people all over the world. 4

38. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” 5.I think there is the danger of people who love the honesty and freedom of Internet chatrooms so much that they decide to withdraw from society.   (Para. 6) Analysis: Who introduces a relative clause modifying people. So here means to such a degree, with that introducing a clause of result.   Translation: 我认为存在着这样一种危险，有些人沉迷于网上聊天室的诚实及自由，从而决定从社会中引退。   Example: I’m so tired that I could sleep in this chair.   That soup was so filling that I don’t think I’ll want a main course.   Para.6I think there is the danger of people who love the honesty and freedom of Internet chatrooms so much that they decide to withdraw from society. In this way, the Internet, along with other technology that isolates us, may not necessarily be such a good thing. 5

39. Pros and Cons of “Chatroom” Para.6I think there is the danger of people who love the honesty and freedom of Internet chatrooms so much that they decide to withdraw from society. In this way, the Internet, along with other technology that isolates us, may not necessarily be such a good thing. withdraw: move away from; take away from e.g. Tony grinned, withdrawing his hand from his pocket. You must present your credit card when you withdraw any money. 5

40. Section IV Trying Your Hand Applied Writing Grammar Review Sentence Writing

41. Applied Writing Format Analysis Language Features Additional Samples Read and Simulate Simulate and Create

42. Format analysis An email usually consists of the following parts: 1. the writer’s email address, such as “ From: dongbeikid2007@yahoo.com.cn 2. Date, usually with the time shown 3. The receiver’s email address, such as “To zhehongw@sina.com” 4. Subject: In this part you have to indicate what topic you want to talk about in the email, such as “Greeting from…” or “Request from …” or “Re:…”), etc. 5. Attachment: You may attach some files or documents in the email. You may identify it like “Li Qiang’s Paper”--- (40.1KB) 6. Body of the email: In this part you may write your message, but not so formal as a letter. 7. End of the email: You’d better identify yourself if the receiver is not familiar with you.

43. Language features The sentences often used to write an email message. 1. I have got your email on … 2. Thank you very much for your email in which you inform me … 3. I am sorry to inform you that we are unable to provide … 4. I hope that you will consider my application and arrange me an interview. 5. We’ll be looking forward to seeing you here in China. 6. Many thanks and best regards.

44. Additional samples Sample 1 Mail to: Prof. Qiang Huang Subject: Re: Research Paper Attachment: Draft of the Paper Dear Professor Huang, I have finished the draft of my graduation paper. I hope you will spare some time to read it and tell me whether it is acceptable and what I have to reconsider and improve. Many thanks and best regards! Li Ming

45. Additional samples Sample 2 To: williams02@sina.com From: maryli@durhan.ac.un Subject: Inquiry of Goods Needed Dear Mr. Williams, Thank you for the catalogue you sent me on July 26th. We are very interested in the goods produced in your company. We would appreciate it very much if you would send us full details about your products, such as the brief description, the price for each unit and the terms of payment, etc. Looking forward to receiving your early reply. Mary Li Head of the Sales Department

46. Grammar Review The Use of Noun Clauses Noun clauses refer to the clauses which are used as nouns in complex sentences. They include subject clauses, object clauses, predicative clauses and appositive clauses. They are usually introduced by the following conjunctions: a) that b) if, whether c) who, whom, whose, what, when, where, why, how, how many, how much, how far, how soon, how long, how often, how old, how, etc.

47. Sentence Writing Write Through Applying Grammar Rules Write Through Correcting Mistakes Write Through Translating Write Through Describing a picture

48. Write Through Applying Grammar Rules 4. Point out the noun clause and the function it serves in each of the following complex sentences. • The ministers agree that global warming is a serious • world problem. that 引导的宾语从句 2. How we can get rid of poverty is a big problem. how引导的主语从句 3. Where he had escaped from puzzled me. where 引导的主语从句

49. Write Through Applying Grammar Rules 4. Everyone wonders when world peace will become a reality. when 引导的宾语从句 • It happened that the detective himself was the thief. that引导的主语从句 6. John’s parents insisted that he study art. that 引导的宾语从句

50. Write Through Applying Grammar Rules 7. My question is who will marry a poor man like me. who 引导的表语从句 8. He told me which subject he liked best. which引导的宾语从句 9. He is doubtful how the work can be finished this week. how 引导的宾语从句