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2. Introduction. QoS is one of the biggest issueA free servicePaying subscribersService packageLower cost than the PSTNVoice and data serviceTechnical solutions for providing QoSVarious solutionsCombined to complement each other. 3. The Need for QoS. A collective measure of the level of ser
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1. QoS Chapter 8
2. 2 Introduction QoS is one of the biggest issue
A free service
Paying subscribers
Service package
Lower cost than the PSTN
Voice and data service
Technical solutions for providing QoS
Various solutions
Combined to complement each other
3. 3 The Need for QoS A collective measure of the level of service
For a particular application
Performance criteria
Availability, throughput, connection setup time, percentage of successful transmissions, speed of fault detection and correction
Bandwidth, packet loss, delay and jitter
IP is a best-effort service
Well suited to non-real-time communication
TCP
Error-free, in-sequence delivery
delay
4. 4 UDP
Fine for transporting voice
Provided that
Low packet loss
Little congestion on the network
Traffic in the network can be bursty and unpredictable
A speaker may be forced to repeat what he just said
In case of significant packet loss
To attract and retain paying subscribers
Circuit switching has a distinct advantage
But ill-suited to other forms of communication
IP network: solutions for the QoS are needed
Resource-reservation techniques
5. 5 End-to-End QoS QoS must be end-to-end
The support of all networks in the chain
SLAs
Service-Level Agreements between different operators
Regarding the type and quality of service to be offered
Or the penalties
VoIP and voice over the Internet
Are not the same
SLAs may be possible between certain VoIP carriers
6. 6 Things will get better
VoIP for long-distance service
Connected to the PSTN at each end
Some VoIP operators
Begin on IP and terminate on the PSTN
More VoIP operators
Over IP from source to destination
All of the providers embrace the same quality objectives and implement similar technical solutions
Voice over the Internet?
7. 7 Its not just the network A quality service
A lot more than just good voice quality
A potentially high cost associated with acquiring a customer
Means
Superior customer service, rapid service provisioning, 100 percent accurate billing, clear and concise product descriptions, etc.
8. 8 Overview of QoS Solutions One approach
Reserve the resource before establishing the session
Has certain similarities to circuit switching
Another approach
Categorize traffic into different classes or priorities
Real-time applications with higher-priority values
Require a fair resource-allocation techniques
The easiest technique
The provision of more bandwidth
9. 9 More Bandwidth Sounds like a simplistic and expensive
No major system development
Significant overbuild
Unused for most of the time
An inefficient way
Huge advances in bandwidth
9600-baud modem
56kbps modem
DSL
The core of the network, DWDM
10. 10 Moores Law
Doubles roughly every 18 months
Bandwidth availability and bandwidth demand have tended to move almost in lock-step
New applications to use the available bandwidth
11. 11 QoS Protocols and Architectures RSVP, Resource-Reservation Protocol
RFC 2205
Part of the IETF integrated-services suite
Enable resources to be reserved for a given session in prior
The most complex, and closest to circuit emulation
Strong QoS guarantees
Significant granularity of resource allocation
Significant feedback to applications
Two levels of service
Guaranteed - as close as possible to circuit emulation
Controlled load equivalent to the service in a best-effort network under no-load conditions
12. 12 RSVP