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Les rois fainéants ( “ do-nothing kings ” )

Les rois fainéants ( “ do-nothing kings ” ). Causes of Merovingian Collapse: 1. Child kings: involvement of regents, esp. king ’ s mother or maior domus (mayor of the palace) 2. Role of nobility: competition for role of maior domus ; and desire for regional independence.

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Les rois fainéants ( “ do-nothing kings ” )

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  1. Les rois fainéants (“do-nothing kings”)

  2. Causes of Merovingian Collapse: 1. Child kings: involvement of regents, esp. king’s mother or maior domus (mayor of the palace) 2. Role of nobility: competition for role of maior domus; and desire for regional independence

  3. Causes of Merovingian Collapse: 3. Role of church: political support; family prestige; sources of stability Baldechildis, wife of Clovis II (r. N, B: 638-57), mother of Chlothar III (r. N, B: 657-73)

  4. Image Link: Family Tree of the Early Carolingians: <http://www.friesian.com/history/carolig1.gif> Keep this handy!

  5. Pippinids Bishop Arnulf of Metz (d. 641) Pippin I (d. 640)

  6. Pippinids Grimoald, son of Pippin I Childebertus Adoptivus Pippin II (MD A: c. 680-714) Sigibert III (r. A: 634-56) Dagobert II

  7. 680 Pippin II becomes maior domus in Austrasia 687 Pippin II defeats rivals at Tertry, installs own choice of maior domus in Neustria c. 696 Grimoald, son of Pippin II, becomes maior domus of Neustria 714 Deaths of Pippin II and Grimoald

  8. Pippinids Pippin II (MD A: c. 680-714) Grimoald, son of Pippin II (MD N: c. 696-714) Theudoald, son of Grimoald (MD N: 714-15)

  9. 715 Neustrians depose Theudoald, elect own maior domus 718 Charles Martel’s Austrasians decisively defeat Neustrians at Soissons 723 Charles Martel finishes consolidating hold over Neustria 730s Charles Martel consolidates hold over Burgundy Carolingians

  10. Charles Martel (“The Hammer”, MD A: 715-41, N: 723-41, B: early 730s-741)

  11. Bases of Carolingian power: 1. The nobility Pippin II and the royal court Charles Martel and the installation of lay followers into bishoprics etc.

  12. Bases of Carolingian power: 2. The church Pippin II patronising church Charles Martel: installation of followers in church offices; spread of Roman Christianity 739 Pope sends relics to Charles Martel

  13. Bases of Carolingian power: 3. Other bases Pippin II: political marriages Charles Martel: military conquest: Alemannia and Frisia (734) Provence (739) Alliance with Bavaria (725-41) Raids on Aquitaine (731, 735)

  14. Map Link: The Growth of Frankish Power: <http://www.shadowedrealm.com/lib/images/medieval/ maps/map067.jpg>

  15. The popes look west? 716 Duke of Bavaria establishes alliance with pope 732/33 Charles Martel defeats Muslims at Tours/Poitiers 739 Pope sends relics to Charles Martel

  16. Causes of Merovingian Collapse: 1. Child kings 2. Role of nobility 3. Role of church 4. Appropriation of functions and benefits of role of kings by Pippinids/ Carolingians

  17. Battle of Tours/Poitiers, 732/33 ‘Abd al-Rahman Eudo of Aquitaine Bordeaux Map Link: Map of the Battle of Tours: <http://www.thenagain.info/webchron/westeurope/Tours.Gif>

  18. Significance? Gibbon: “[The battle that] rescued our ancestors of Britain and our neighbours of Gaul from the civil and religious yoke of the Koran.” Merely defeat of a Muslim raiding party? Extension of Charles Martel’s influence into S. Francia

  19. 735 Maurontus of Provence calls in Muslims of Septimania to help against Charles Martel 739 Charles Martel decisively defeats Maurontus and allies Involvement of Muslims in local politics Realpolitik trumping religion

  20. Christian sources: Chronicle of 754/Isidore of Beja Probably not real name of author Spanish Christian living under Muslim rule Chronicle of St Denis Monastic chronicle, compiled at Abbey of St. Denis, near Paris, 12th-15th c.

  21. Muslim sources: Ibn ‘Abd al-Hakam (d. 871) Egyptian historian, author of Futuh Misr wa Akhbaruha (History of the Conquest of Egypt and Reports about It) Later Anonymous Muslim Source

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