Lanzhou

1. Lanzhou By: Mackenzie Smit P8 10/25/09

2. Introduction • My target area is the city of Lanzhou in the Gansu Province. • Originally, I had hoped to compare three different cities and their history, arts, and culture. • They were Beijing, Xi’an, and Lanzhou • Now it is just Lanzhou, it’s history, and ancient arts.

3. More Specific Introduction • Lanzhou is located in the Gansu Province which is split into five different areas. • Lanzhou has a population of 2.58 million. • Lanzhou was nominated as a high pollutant city, China had seven of ten. • As a result, an entrepreneur wanted to knock a ‘window’ in the mountain around Lanzhou to relieve the smog, but that dream of theme parks and grand villas crashed when the city was discovered to be hemmed in by the mountains.

4. More about Lanzhou • Lanzhou is the capital of the Gansu Province, as I stated earlier • The topography is formed by three parts, valleys, basins, and hilly land. • The Yellow River winds through the whole city. • Many parts of the area are semi-dry in climate and the temperature. • Lanzhou has an average annual temperature of 8.9 degrees Celsius and an average annual precipitation of 331 mm.

5. Facts about Lanzhou • Lanzhou is a main source of coal, in addition to gold, silver, nickel, zine, maganese, clay, and dolomite. • Major industries include waterpower, oil refineries, chemicals, machinery, and the metallurgic industry. • Agriculture consists of spring wheat, vegetables, beans, oil-boiling, melon, and tobacco. • Lanzhou also exports roses and lilies. • Lastly, Lanzhou specializes in rose oil and fruit, a considerable 80% output.

6. Last few Facts • The traditional specialties in Lanzhou are melon seed, peach, watermelon, pears, roses and lilies. • Lanzhou, named Jincheng (Gold City) in ancient times, has a history of more than thousand years. • Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Road, the Five Spring Park, Nanshan Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Watermill Garden.

7. Famous Places or Areas • Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Road, the Five Spring Park, Nanshan Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Watermill Garden.

8. Famous Places or Areas • Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Road, the Five Spring Park, Nanshan Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Watermill Garden. • Lanzhou holds the Iron Bridge, Silk Road, the Five Spring Park, Nanshan Park, Xinglong Mountains, and the Watermill Garden.

9. Timeline • 1200- China is invaded by the Mongols • 1300-The Yuan Dynasty ends, the Ming begins • 1600-Manchurian troops overthrow Ming Dynasty to establish the Qing Dynasty. • 1840- First Opium War blasts through China • 1842-Hong Kong handed to Britain • 1898-Opium War ends, Britain buys 99 year lease of New Territories

10. Timeline Again • 1900- The People’s Republic ends last Dynasty • 1930- The Communist Government takes over • 1950-Government launched on a tremendous economic and social indemnification • 1960- State President Liu Shoaqi took charge and adopted realistic economic policies which clashed with Mao’s version • 1989- Military units were deployed in Beijing

11. Stamp Information • My stamp is the Chinese Characters for China. • I chose this design because I wanted my stamp to symbolize a unified nation of China, not just one area or thing

12. Some History • Lanzhou has the “Hexi Corridor” or the “Corridor West of the Yellow River”, where the early Chinese civilization began • Lanzhou became capital of a succession of tribal states during the turbulent times that followed the decline of the Han Dynasty. • During this time, people began to turn to ideologies that satisfied their need for hope. • As a result, Taoism developed into a religion, and Buddhism became the official religion in some of the northern states. • Buddhist art also flourished, and shrines were built in temples, caves, and on cliffs. • From the fifth to the 11th centuries, Dunhuang, beyond the Yumen Pass of the Great Wall, became a center for Buddhist study, drawing scholars and pilgrims from afar. It was a period in which magnificent works of art were created.

13. 100 (or more) Word Essay • 北京的城市是中国的资本，建筑家著名的地方，如故宫，颐和园。紫禁城的建筑完成于1409年，为皇帝和他的家人为了居住的地方。然而，中国被侵略的Mongols同一年，作为对在中国历史上的第一个外国统治者。颐和园是最好的，和广泛，其绘画和美化环境，最能体现了华人经典艺术众所周知的。兰州是甘肃省的省会。它拥有多种矿物质如煤，金，银，锌，镍，锰，粘土和白云石。农业培养食物，例如：春小麦，蔬菜，豆类，油煮，甜瓜和烟草。兰州还发出玫瑰和百合，玫瑰油是80%％的产量。果实是著名的了。

14. English Version of Essay • Beijing is China's capital city, architect famous places, such as the Forbidden City, Summer Palace. Forbidden City building was completed in 1409 for the emperor and his family to live. However, the Mongols invaded China the same year as the first in Chinese history a foreign ruler. Summer Palace is the best, and wide-ranging, its painting and landscaping, best reflects the well-known Chinese classic art. Lanzhou is the capital of Gansu Province. It has a variety of minerals such as coal, gold, silver, zinc, nickel, manganese, clay and dolomite. Agriculture to develop foods, such as: spring wheat, vegetables, beans, cooking oil, melons and tobacco. Lanzhou also issued a rose and lily, rose oil is 80%% of its production. Is famous for its fruit.

15. Info about Essay • My essay was written when I had chosen originally to compare Beijing to Lanzhou, then decided not too. • I had wanted to compare the ancient arts such as literature, paintings, and religion with history, comparing two different cities. • Beijing, I decided not to do, because information was repetitive and widely known concerning the Forbidden City and Summer Palace.

16. Bibliography • http://74.125.113.132/custom?q=cache:rpWJSNUPhDEJ:www.impcas.ac.cn/zhuye/en/htm/Introduction_to_Lanzhou.pdf+What+is+LanZhou+most+famous+for%3F&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us&client=pub-8993703457585266