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Dept of ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY YENEPOYA DENTAL COLLEGE MANGALORE

RADIATION PROTECTION. Dept of ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY YENEPOYA DENTAL COLLEGE MANGALORE. SOURCES OF RADIATION. NATURAL EXTERNAL INTERNAL ARTIFICIAL MEDICAL CONSUMER PRODUCTS OTHERS. NATURAL EXTERNAL COSMIC TERRESTRIAL INTERNAL RADON. ARTIFICIAL MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS

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Dept of ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY YENEPOYA DENTAL COLLEGE MANGALORE

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  1. RADIATION PROTECTION Dept of ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY YENEPOYA DENTAL COLLEGE MANGALORE

  2. SOURCES OF RADIATION • NATURAL • EXTERNAL • INTERNAL • ARTIFICIAL • MEDICAL • CONSUMER PRODUCTS • OTHERS

  3. NATURAL • EXTERNAL • COSMIC • TERRESTRIAL • INTERNAL • RADON • ARTIFICIAL • MEDICAL • DIAGNOSIS • NUCLEAR MEDICINE • CONSUMER PRODUCTS

  4. RECOMMENDED LIMITS

  5. RADIATION PROTECTION • PATIENT PROTECTION • PRIOR TO EXPOSURE • DURING EXPOSURE • AFTER EXPOSURE • OPERATOR PROTECTION • RADIATION EXPOSURE GUIDELINES • PATIENT EDUCATION

  6. PRIOR TO EXPOSURE • PRESCRIBING DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS • PROPER EQUIPMENT • FILTRATION • INHERENT  0.5 TO 1mm • ADDED  0.5 mm • TOTAL 1.5mm (below 70kvp) / 2.5mm • COLLIMATION 2.75 inches • POSITION INDICATING DEVICE

  7. FILTRATION

  8. COLIMATION Excess radiation Outline of size 2 intraoral film

  9. POSITION INDICATING DEVICE CONICAL ROUND RECTANGULAR

  10. ROUND RECTANGULAR

  11. DURING EXPOSURE • LEAD APRON • THYROID COLLAR • FAST FILM • E-speed ( reqires only ½ the exposure time) • D- speed • FILM HOLDING DEVICES • EXPOSURE FACTOR SELECTION • PROPER TECHNIQUE

  12. LEAD APRON

  13. FAST FILM / HOLDING DEVICE • E-speed film

  14. GRIDS • Quality improved by removing scattered radiation • Composition : • Lead & radiolucent material • Types : • Focussed grid • Bucky grid

  15. SECONDARY RADIATION X RAY FILM X RAY TUBE PRIMARY RADIATION GRID

  16. AFTER EXPOSURE • PROPER FILM HANDLING • PROPER FILM PROCESSING

  17. OPERATOR PROTECTION • DISTANCE • POSITION • SHIELDING • MONITORING • EQUIPMENT • PERSONNEL

  18. DOSIMETRY • Determining the quantity of radiation exposure • Dose  Amount of energy absorbed per unit mass at a site of intrest • Exposure  Measure of radiation based on its ability to produce ionization in air under standerd conditions of temparature & pressure

  19. Radiation quantities and units

  20. Thermoluminescence dosimeter T L material T L D reader EXPOSURE Equipment used to measure T L heated Emitted light proportonal to absorbed dose

  21. Parts of TLD reader • HEATER • PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBE • HEAT FILTER ALOW THE LIGHT TO PASS • MEASURE THE EMMITED LIGHT • ELECTRONIC SYSTEM (POWER SUPPLY)

  22. TLD AVAILABLE IN • SOLID • POWDER • APPLICATION OF TLD • RADIOTHERAPY • RADIODIAGNOSIS • PERSONAL MONITORING

  23. P M TUBE FILTER TLD READER PROCEDURE TRAY HEATER

  24. ALARA(ALARP) MAXIMUM PERMISIBLE DOSE MAXIMUM ACCUMUMELATED DOSE

  25. QUESTION FOR TODAY WRITE HOW THE PATIENT & OPERATOR CAN BE PROTECTED ?

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