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Context-Aware Resource Management for Mobile Servers

Context-Aware Resource Management for Mobile Servers. C. Ververidis, E.C. Efstathiou, S. Soursos and G.C. Polyzos Mobile Multimedia Laboratory Department of Computer Science Athens University of Economics and Business 10434 Athens, Greece. Outline. Technology Trends

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Context-Aware Resource Management for Mobile Servers

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  1. Context-Aware Resource Management for Mobile Servers C. Ververidis, E.C. Efstathiou, S. Soursos and G.C. Polyzos Mobile Multimedia Laboratory Department of Computer Science Athens University of Economics and Business 10434 Athens, Greece

  2. Outline • Technology Trends • Location-Based Services • The Service Provision Environment • Network Architecture • Implementation Mechanisms 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  3. Technology Trends • Computing and Telecommunication technologies convergence • From the WWW to the Mobile Web • Need for anytime anywhere access to information • Abundant access bandwidth, storage, and processing power at the edges of the network • Emergence of low-cost wireless access technologies, e.g. • IEEE 802.11 • Bluetooth • Emergence of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) service models • “Next-generation” terminals • Small devices with server-like features and capabilities 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  4. Location-Based Services (LBS) • Mobile Web and LBS are evolving together • The Case for LBS • Innovative, useful services • attract new customers • enhance customer loyalty to the provider • Revenue increase due to traffic generated by the use of such services • Traditional business models for LBS vary depending on the number of participants in the LBS value chain LEVEL OF LBS REVENUE SHARING Min Max Mobile operator provides connectivity, positioning and content Mobile operator provides connectivity. Positioning and content are provided by external providers 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  5. New LBS Model • Mobile Operator provides • Connectivity • Positioning Technologies • Service Advertisement & Discovery Infrastructure • Mobile Subscribers provide • Content, possibly sensitive to time and space changes • Operator’s network externalities depend heavily on customers’ content 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  6. Service Provision Environment • Wireless Access Provider (WLAN or UMTS) • Access Point (AP) or Base Station (BS) covering an area of interest • Some Mobile Subscribers can act as servers and offer content • Mobile devices with attached digital cameras • Content sensitive to place and time • e.g. photo-series or low length/quality videos that provide information on the traffic conditions in the coverage area • Content available only in the specific coverage area • No value outside due to space and time sensitivity and the high costs of transferring it 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  7. Assumptions • Network operator has the infrastructure for Service Advertisement and Discovery • Centralized or de-centralized • Network operator possesses a positioning technology • From COO and OTDOA-IDL to GPS • We use a simple approach based on SINR values measured from the AP 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  8. Example: Traffic Conditions • Each mobile server • with the appropriate equipment (e.g. photo camera) • can offer (to other mobile subscribers) traffic condition information (including photos or short videos) • The service is only available within the AP’s coverage area 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  9. Environment Set-up • Single AP • Coverage area spreads along a main traffic road • Subscribers are informed about the traffic condition of the specific road • Extension: • Multiple APs • Covering and providing traffic information for many roads 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  10. Architecture’s Goals • Give the mobile server the appropriate uplink bandwidth to serve the requests • Provide the mobile subscribers/clients the appropriate transfer rate according to their relative position to the mobile server • Keep the content inside the coverage area by favoring content exchanges between mobile servers 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  11. Architecture • Differentiate uplink rates for each server-client pair and according to their relative position • UMTS: • At the Radio Resource Management (RRM) located at the Radio Network Controller (RNC) • IEEE 802.11 WLANs: • Software upgrades at the Access Point to support advanced queuing disciplines (other than FIFO) 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  12. Implementation • Need for a QoS context-aware scheme • Two approaches: • LBS-DF • Based on IETF Differentiated Services • LBS-IS • Based on IETF Integrated Services • Different implementation for each technology • UMTS vs. IEEE 802.11 WLAN 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  13. LBS-DF Approach • We define 3 QoS classes (from 1 to 3) • Class 3 is the class with the higher priority • Different transmission rates for each class • 3 flow-serving queues at AP with different serving rates • Extra packets are dropped or treated as in Assured Service class • AP changes the QoS class according to the power readings and transparently to the mobile user 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  14. LBS-IS Approach • Several queues at AP, each serving a flow for a mobile server – client session • A “Scheduler” module keeps an NxM array • N: number of mobile servers • M: number of mobile subscribers • CAC in order not to exceed total available bandwidth • ~5 Mbps for 802.11 WLANs and 2 Mbps for UMTS • Goal: • Maximize the number ofcompleted file transfers 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  15. UMTS Issues • Throughput that a mobile server has on the uplink is based on the chip rate received from the BS • Differentiating the chip rate  differentiating the transmission rate • Proposed QoS classes are different from the UMTS QoS classes • UMTS QoS classes: generic QoS, same for all traffic in our service environment • Proposed QoS classes: lower-level QoS 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  16. IEEE 802.11 WLAN Issues • Upcoming 802.11e standard: • A new MAC layer algorithm (Hybrid Coordination Function – HFC) • WLAN AP acts as a point coordinator and polls mobile stations for data, similar to the UMTS mechanism • Use of CF-Poll messages in HFC: • Expected start time of transmission • Maximum duration of transmission 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  17. Summary • New mobile technologies and LBS are forming a new business model for service provision • Mobile Servers offering content sensitive to place and time changes • Network architecture with the AP configuring mobile server’s uplink bandwidth • DiffServ vs. IntServ approach • UMTS vs. IEEE 802.11 WLANs 10th HP-OVUA Workshop, Geneva, July 6-9, 2003

  18. Thank you! C. Ververidis, E.C. Efstathiou, S. Soursos and G.C. Polyzos Mobile Multimedia Laboratory Department of Computer Science Athens University of Economics and Business 10434 Athens, Greece

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