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Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) What you need to know to stay healthy STD 101 for Teens

Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) What you need to know to stay healthy STD 101 for Teens. STD Community Interventions Program (SCIP) STD Control Branch California Department of Public Health.

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Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) What you need to know to stay healthy STD 101 for Teens

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  1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)What you need to know to stay healthySTD 101 for Teens STD Community Interventions Program (SCIP) STD Control Branch California Department of Public Health

  2. Every 87 seconds a teenager in California is infected with an STD. How many teens are infected per hour, day, month? ...41 teens every hour, • ...984 teens every day, ...29,520 teens every month

  3. 3 of every 5Gonorrhea and Chlamydia cases in California are among 15 – 24 year olds.

  4. What STDs have you heard about?

  5. Treatable…but repeatable Syphilis Chlamydia Gonorrhea Trichomonas Crabs (pubic lice) Not curable...some life-long Herpes HPV (Human Papilloma viruses) HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) Hepatitis B The Major STDs

  6. Why Teens Have High Rates of STDs: People often don’t have enough information about the health of their sex partners – and don’t protect themselves.

  7. The large number of 15-24 year olds infected with STDs increases the odds of meeting someone who already hasan STD. Why Teens Have High Rates of STDs: Can you tell who has an STD?

  8. Why Teens Have High Rates of STDs: Female Reproductive Organs: The cervix in teen females has a weaker cell type that is easier to infect for some STDs Uterus Fallopian tube Ovary Cervix Vagina

  9. Why Teens Have High Rates of STDs: Unlike women over 25 years old, a teen’s cervix has “weaker” cells that are less protective against STDs. “weaker” cells “stronger” cells Healthy Cervix: Young Woman Healthy Cervix: Woman Over 25’s

  10. Why Teens Have High Rates of STDs: Some teens are in relationships with older partners who often control their decisions. Many people have trouble getting their partners to use condoms to prevent STDs or unwanted pregnancy.

  11. What are the odds that a sexually active teen will get an STD this year? • 1 out of 4 • 1 out of 2 • 1 out of 5

  12. What are the odds that a sexually active teen will get an STD this year? 1 of every 4sexually active teens in California will get anSTDthis year... ...which is about362,500 teens getting an STD this year!

  13. 362,500 STD-infected CA teens will fill a football stadium over 4 times!!

  14. Myth Busters: True or False? • STDs usually happen to people who aren’t “clean”. FALSE • One out of every four sexually active teens will get an STD this year TRUE

  15. How serious are STDs?

  16. Medical Complications of Untreated STDs • STDs can result in: • Cancer • AIDS (from sexually transmitted HIV) • Death

  17. Medical Complications of Untreated STDs If a young girl or woman gets an STD, and is untreated or undertreated she could end up with: - Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) -Cervical cancer -Infertility (inability to have babies)

  18. Medical Complications of Untreated STDs If apregnant womanhas an STD, her baby could end up with: • Infections • Birth defects • Stillbirth (born dead) .

  19. Fear and distress in telling sex partners that you have an STD – and they should get tested. Dealing with the long-term effects of an incurable STD such as Herpes or HIV. More Problems Linked to STDs

  20. STDs increase the chances for giving and getting HIV by3 – 5 Times!! Open sores are open doors!

  21. Myth Busters: True or False? • Herpes and HIV are incurable life-long infections. TRUE • Several STDs increase the chances for HIV transmission and HIV infection. TRUE • Infections, birth defects, and stillbirth can result from STDs. TRUE

  22. How are STDs transmitted?

  23. STD Transmission Transfer of STD fluids such as: - Vaginal fluids -Pre-ejaculate • Semen • Abnormal discharge (or pus) • Blood through oral, anal, vaginal sex STD organisms can be passed even when there are no signs or symptoms present!

  24. STDs can also be passed through direct contact with an STD sore or infected tissuethrough oral, anal, vaginal sex…and frottage STD Transmission FROTTAGE: French for naked genital to genital rubbing!

  25. How do you prevent STDs?

  26. How you can protect yourself: • Not having sex (oral, anal, vaginal) is the only sure way to avoid STDs.

  27. How you can protect yourself: • Talk to your partner about STDs • and agree to protect yourselves if or when you have sex.

  28. How you can protect yourself: 3)If you have sex - use condoms correctly each time for oral, anal, vaginal sex. Quick Fact: Male and female condoms reduce – but don’t eliminate - the chances of STD transmission. This is because some STDs might infect areas not covered by a condom.

  29. How you can protect yourself: Quick Fact: Birth control pills, the Shot, the Ring, or the Patch do notprotect against STDs.

  30. How you can protect yourself: 4)If you are going to have sex, it’s safer to have sex with only one partner, who has sex only with you – and who doesn’t have an STD infection.

  31. But…even if you have unprotected sex with just one person… you can’t really know about his/her sex partners… or their sex partners – or the STDs that could be passed to you. You

  32. How you can protect yourself: 5) Avoid sex-under-the-influence (SUI) of alcohol and other drugs. 6) If you have sex, get tested for STDs at a doctor’s office or clinic at least once a year. If you are female – also ask your doctor about a Pap Test.

  33. Myth Busters: True or False? • “SEX” occurs only when there is penis-in-vagina contact. FALSE • The birth control pill and patch help lower the chances of getting an STD. FALSE • Correct use of condoms reduces, but does not eliminate, the chance for STD transmission. TRUE

  34. How would you know if you have an STD?

  35. Most people with STD infections haveNO signs or symptoms!! However, if symptoms are present around your genitals, they may include: • - warts, blisters or sores • - itching, burning or pain • - abnormal bleeding or discharge (pus) You can’t tell by looking if someone is infected or not!!

  36. Caution… Most people with herpes don’t know they are infected because their symptoms are mild or absent!!

  37. Caution… About half of all males with Gonorrhea or Chlamydia will NOT have signs or symptoms - such as abnormal discharge or painful urination.

  38. Caution… Young women who have Gonorrhea or Chlamydia without any signs or symptoms can still develop PID About 4 of 5females with Chlamydia will NOT have any signs or symptoms. Image compliments of Reed Group. Introduction and Appendix. The Medical Disability Advisor. 5th ed. Ed. Presley Reed, MD. Westminster: CO, 2005. Online at: http://www.mdguidelines.com/pelvic-inflammatory-disease/definition

  39. Most people with HPV doNOT have the virus types that cause visible warts.

  40. Remember: Even when no signs or symptoms are present... ...STDs can still be transmitted ...STD consequences like infertility or cervical cancer can still occur.

  41. Anyone who has an STD should not try to treat themselves. Attention!! They should not borrow medicine or use any left-over medications. Instead, they should go to a doctor or clinic for the appropriate tests and only take medications prescribed.

  42. Key STD Facts for Teens If you get an STD - ALL sex partners should be informed that they might have an STD – even if they have no symptoms. Reinfection by untreated partners is common. In order to allow the body to heal, closely follow the doctor’s instructions regarding medications and take a break from sex.

  43. Key STD Facts continued... There is no single test for all STDs, so be sure to ask which STD tests are being done.

  44. Minor Consent for Sexual Health Care Services Anyone 12 years old or older can be tested and treated for STD infections and get birth control without permission from parents or guardians… CA Family Code 6926 (a) Healthcare providers cannot notify parents or guardians when minors get these sexual health services.

  45. Where can teens get low-cost and confidential STD testing? • Teen-friendly Providers • 1-800-942-1054 http://www.familypact.org/pages/home/ • Text ‘hookup’ to 365247 for referral to local STD clinics

  46. Where can teens get low-cost and confidential STD testing? • Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) • City or County Health Departments • Community Clinics • Your own doctor • For referral to STD clinics, call: • 1-800-232-4636 in English, en Español.

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