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DICOM 系統相容性 之分析與驗證

DICOM 系統相容性 之分析與驗證. 前言：. 由於 DICOM 規格採開放式架構而沒有一個標準的相容性驗證程序，以下將提出一套測試流程，從比對 DICOM conformance statement 、網路連線到 DICOM 通訊測試，期能做為 DICOM 相容軟體或儀器間實際測試時之參考。. What is DICOM conformance statement?. DICOM Standard 1998. PS 3.1: Introduction and Overview PS 3.2: Conformance

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DICOM 系統相容性 之分析與驗證

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  1. DICOM系統相容性 之分析與驗證

  2. 前言： 由於DICOM規格採開放式架構而沒有一個標準的相容性驗證程序，以下將提出一套測試流程，從比對DICOM conformance statement、網路連線到DICOM通訊測試，期能做為DICOM相容軟體或儀器間實際測試時之參考。

  3. What is DICOM conformance statement?

  4. DICOM Standard 1998 PS 3.1: Introduction and Overview PS 3.2: Conformance PS 3.3: Information Object Definitions PS 3.4: Service Class Specifications PS 3.5: Data Structures and Encoding PS 3.6: Data Dictionary PS 3.7: Message Exchange PS 3.8: Network Communication Support for Message Exchange PS 3.10: Media Storage and File Format PS 3.11: Media Storage Application Profiles PS 3.12: Media Format and Physical Media for Media Interchange PS 3.13: Print Management and Point-to-Point Support PS 3.14: Grayscale Standard Display Function

  5. Conformance Statement • 每個 DICOM 的儀器或軟體都必須具有 Conformance statement ，其中列舉了該系統所能支援的DICOM影像型態及傳輸格式。 • Conformance statement是系統的DICOM身分證明書。

  6. Example of DICOM Conformance Statement

  7. Example of DICOM Conformance Statement

  8. DICOM View of Medical Data has PATIENT STUDY contains SERIES contains IMAGES

  9. S O P I O D Service Operation Attribute Attribute Attribute Service Operation Pixel Data 像素資料(pixel data) + 影像屬性(attribute) = 影像物件(Information Object Definition) IOD + Service operation = SOP class

  10. Services Images Move US MR Store CT Query/Retrieve CR

  11. Example of DICOM Conformance Statement

  12. DICOM SOP classes • Verification：最基本的echo 服務，所有DICOM相容系統皆應支援此服務，以確定雙方皆正常運作並可開始相互通訊。 • Storage：傳送及接收影像服務，一般用於影像儀器傳送影像至伺服器端時使用。依據不同影像生成儀器而區分為許多不同種類。

  13. DICOM SOP classes Query/Retrieve：查詢及擷取影像，通常用於影像瀏覽工作站和伺服器之間。 Print：列印影像。 Worklist, MPPS, Storage commitment：這三者主要是用在PACS和放射科資訊系統(RIS)或醫院資訊系統(HIS)的整合上。 Other：其他不易歸類或系統自訂類型的物件/服務。

  14. Example of DICOM Conformance Statement

  15. How does DICOM work ? SCU/SCP roles Client is called SCU(Service Class User) Server is called SCP(Service Class Provider) Application Entity A Application Entity B   Image X Store my Image X on your system SCU SCP Storage of Image X Done successfully 

  16. How does DICOM work ? Application Entity B  SCU/SCP roles combined SCP Storage of Image X  Store Image X Application Entity A SCU  Move Image X From B to C SCU SCP Image X Application Entity B

  17. How does DICOM work ? Application Entity B A system can be SCU and SCP both SCP Image X  Done Successfully Application Entity A SCU  SCU Done Successfully SCP Image X Application Entity B

  18. Example of DICOM Conformance Statement

  19. Unique Identifiers (UIDs) • Unique Identifiers are defined for all DICOM SOP Classesand objects. • UIDs are World-Wide Unique . • Important for the Conformance Statement .

  20. Unique Identifiers (UIDs) Eg : CT image Storage 1.2.840.10008.5.1.4.1.1.1 • 1.2.840.10008 is the prefix of DICOM organization. • Each implementation must have its own unique prefix. • 1.2.840.113820 represents EBM.

  21. Example of DICOM Conformance Statement

  22. En luphen heich ! 依講啥米

  23. Transfer Syntax 代表資料的編碼方式，可判別影像資料是否經過壓縮及其壓縮方法等。 值得注意的是，DICOM資料編碼可分別應用於檔案儲存及網路通訊兩方面，而且兩者不一定要相同。

  24. Implicit VR Little Endian Explicit VR Little Endian Explicit VR Big Endian Baseline JPEG (Process 1) Extended JPEG (Process 2,4) Lossless JPEG (Process 14) Run Length Encoding Raw Data (原始資料) Lossy compression (失真壓縮) Lossless compression (非失真壓縮)

  25. How does DICOM work ? Communication : • Association Handling First: • Initiate a Connection • Then Agree on: • Which SOP Classes are to be used • Client and Server Roles (SCU/ SCP) • Encoding (Transfer Syntax) • Other Communication

  26. How does DICOM work ? Compare all the supported DICOM SOP classes

  27. Can you speak English ? 你會說中文嗎？ 你好!你好!

  28. How to validate the compatibility between DICOM systems?

  29. 由於DICOM規格的開放架構，在相容性的認證上，DICOM組織必須保持中立且非營利的立場。由於DICOM規格的開放架構，在相容性的認證上，DICOM組織必須保持中立且非營利的立場。 換言之，現在未來都不可能有任何『正式』的驗證規範或工具。 所有的相容性驗證都必須由兩個DICOM系統直接通訊測試來得到結果。以下的步驟也只是依據測試經驗而歸納所得參考流程，絕非「標準程序」。

  30. 網路TCP/IP 設定 DICOM設定 DICOM通訊測試 比對conformance

  31. 比對conformance • 比對雙方DICOM Conformance Statement • 選取相容SOP及transfer syntax等 • 決定測試目標 網路TCP/IP設定 DICOM設定 DICOM通訊測試

  32. 比對conformance 網路TCP/IP設定 • 網路硬體骨幹架設 • TCP/IP通訊協定設定 • IP address 設定 • 網點測通 (ping) DICOM設定 DICOM通訊測試

  33. 比對conformance • Port number設定 (DICOM一般使用104) • AE title 設定 • DICOM verification (c-echo) SOP 通訊測試 網路TCP/IP設定 DICOM設定 DICOM通訊測試

  34. 比對conformance • 各種Modality相對應之Storage SOP通訊測試 (Modality  Server) • Query/Retrieve SOP測試 (Server  Viewer) • Print SOP • Worklist, MPPS, Storage commitment 網路TCP/IP設定 DICOM設定 DICOM通訊測試

  35. 結論： 因為DICOM規格的龐大以及不斷的發展，沒有任何一個系統可以支援所有的DICOM規格，在本文中所提出的系統驗證流程也絕對不是跌撲不破的。 吾人只冀望能藉由丁點之力，在這影像數位化的洪流中指出一個清晰的方向。減少醫療院所或廠商在PACS系統開發或應用上遭遇的困難，為提昇醫療水準盡一份心力。

  36. Further Information • Internet Sites for more General DICOM Information: • http://www.dicomate.com • http://www.nema.org/nema/medical/dicom • news://comp.protocols.dicom • ftp://ftp.philips.com/pub/ms/dicom/DICOM_Information • http://www.otechimg.com

  37. 謝謝各位！ 商之器科技股份有限公司 EBM Technologies Incorporated Http://www.dicomate.com Tel:(02)2345-7688 Fax:(02)2345-7699

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