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Chapter 23

Chapter 23. Arbovirus & Hemorrhagic Fever Virus. 虫媒病毒和出血热病毒. Arbovirus. 一群节肢动物媒介病毒 p302 表. Arbovirus of prevalence in China ---classified as Flavivirus. 主要有流行性乙型脑炎病毒、登革病毒和森林脑炎病毒. Common characteristics.

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Chapter 23

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  1. Chapter 23 Arbovirus & Hemorrhagic Fever Virus 虫媒病毒和出血热病毒

  2. Arbovirus 一群节肢动物媒介病毒 p302表 • Arbovirus of prevalence in China ---classified as Flavivirus 主要有流行性乙型脑炎病毒、登革病毒和森林脑炎病毒 • Common characteristics Small spherical particle(40-70nm), +ssRNA, icosahedral nucleocapsid, envelope and spike Feature of diseases caused by Arbovirus •arthropod----both vector and reservoir hosts of virus•transmitted by bite of arthropod•obvious season and district•clinical manifestations(发热、脑炎、出血热) 节肢动物既是传播 媒介又是储存宿主

  3. Encephalitis B Virus 乙型脑炎病毒 •also called Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV) •the most common cause of epidemic encephalitis

  4. 1. Biological Properties Typical flavivirus both in structure and in shape Structural protein:C,M and E protein(hemagglutinin) +ss-RNA 能凝集雏鸡、鸽和鹅的红细胞（PH6.0) (球形、单正链RNA 、 20面体对称的包膜病毒)  Cultivation •suckling mice • embryo-eggs • cell culture(C6/36 cell) Antigenicity (single and stable)

  5. 2.Pathogenicity and Immunity Natural cycles of JEV 蚊→动物→蚊 bite mosquitodomestic animal or birds domestic animal mosquito or birds (young pigs) (culex) ova (viremia) 病毒血症 bite bite human • vector of transmission and reservoir • source of infection • route of transmission ---三节吻库蚊 蠛蠓 ,蝙蝠 ---幼猪 • epidemic season and district

  6. JEV-infection (neurotropic virus→infection of CNS) • Asymptomatic infection • Abortive infection • Cause epidemic encephalitis B (0.1%) Immunity (IgM→IgG) ---long-lasting immunity

  7. 3.Laboratory Diagnosis Isolation of virus(cell culture)Serological diagnosis ---detection of specific IgM byantibody cupture-ELISA(ACELISA) 急性期阳性率>90% 4. Prevention Cut off the route of transmission Artificial active immunity Vaccination of the young pigs (vector control) (inoculate live or killed vaccines)

  8. Dengue virus 登革病毒 (pathogen of dengue fever)

  9. 1.Biological properties Shape and structure(similar to JEV) Cultivation 4 serotypes(各型间有交叉) (C6/36细胞培养,乳鼠接种) 2. Pathogenicity Natural cycle of virus • human(monkey)→mosquitoes→Human (monkey) • vector---- aedes • source of infection and reservoir of virus 5~10月3~10月 白纹伊蚊( 西太平洋区, 广东) 埃及伊蚊(东南亚, 海南) 患者和隐感者 (人和猴子)

  10. Dengue virus -infection • route of transmisson • primary infection→dengue fever • reinfection→dengue hemorrhagic fever(DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS) • pathogenesis of DHF/DSS:ADE(antibody-dependent enhancement) 3.Laboratory diagnosis  Detection of specific IgM (ELISA)  Isolation of virus  Detection of viral RNA

  11. 自习 Forest encephalitis virus (森林脑炎病毒) ---森林脑炎病毒(又称苏联春夏型脑炎病毒)，是森林脑炎的病原体,该病是蜱传播的自然疫源性疾病(也是人畜共患病)

  12. Hemorrhagic Fever Virus • important pathogens of causing hemorrhagic fever (p306 Table 23-2) • Hemorrhagic feverof prevalence in China 1.hantavirus 2.Xin-jiang hemorrhagic fever virus 3.dengue virus

  13. Ⅰ. Hantavirus 1. Biological properties G1 Shape and structure G2 •round or elliptic virus •envelope with HA 凝集鹅红细胞 PH6.0~6.4 Genome d=120 nm --- segmented -ssRNA (L,M and S) polymerase Cultivation G1,G2 N (Cell culture and susceptible animal) Epidemic serotype in China •Hantaan virus (汉滩病毒,姬鼠型)•Seoul virus (汉城病毒,褐家鼠型)

  14. 2.Pathogenicity and Immunity Epidemiology 黑线姬鼠 褐家鼠 大白鼠 秋冬季 春夏季 带毒的宿主鼠 (尿/粪/唾液) •source of infection •mode of transmission •mite •obvious season and district (多种途径) (螨, both vectors and reservoir) Clinical syndromes •hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS,肾综合征出血热) •Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS,汉坦病毒肺综合征） 流行性出血热(EHF) Immunity (long-lasting immunity)

  15. 3.Laboratory diagnosis and prophylaxis Laboratory diagnosis---isolation of virus, detection of viral Ag and specific IgM or of viral RNA Prophylaxis

  16. Ⅱ.XinJiang Hemorrhagic Fever virus 2.Pathogenicity 1.Properties of XHFV (similar to hantavirus) Source of infection Route of transmission  Cause XinJiang Hemorrhagic Fever 家畜和野生动物 (by bite of hard tick with viruses) 自然疫源性疾病 3.Immunity ---long-lasting immunity

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