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高分听力不得不了解的背景知识

高分听力不得不了解的背景知识. 艺术类. 音乐 分类 : 古典音乐 classical music ; 现代音乐 modern music; 流行音乐 pop music; 乡村音乐 country music; 民谣 folk music; 爵士 jazz, etc. 音乐家 : 舒曼 Schumman ; 贝多芬 Beethoven ; 莫扎特 Mozart; 肖邦 Chopin; 巴赫 Bach, etc. 流派 : 浪漫主义音乐 Romantical music; 新古典主义音乐 Neoclassicism music, etc.

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高分听力不得不了解的背景知识

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  1. 高分听力不得不了解的背景知识

  2. 艺术类 音乐 分类: 古典音乐classical music; 现代音乐modern music; 流行音乐pop music; 乡村音乐country music; 民谣folk music; 爵士jazz, etc. 音乐家: 舒曼Schumman; 贝多芬Beethoven; 莫扎特Mozart; 肖邦Chopin;巴赫Bach, etc. 流派: 浪漫主义音乐Romantical music; 新古典主义音乐Neoclassicism music, etc. 乐器: 钢琴piano; 小提琴violin; 大提琴cello; 长笛 flute, 风琴organ; etc. 电影 分类: 纪录片documentary; 喜剧comedy; 悲剧tragedy; 默片silent movie

  3. 艺术类 绘画 类型: 油画oil painting;水彩画water color; 素描速写sketch;木炭画charcoal drawing; 风景画landscape painting;肖像画portrait;插画illustration, etc. 风格: 印象派Impressionism; 写实派Realism, etc. 工具:画笔brush;画布canvas;颜料pigment, etc. 画面效果: 厚重的笔划thick brushstroke; 鲜亮的vibrant;阴郁的bleak;模糊的vague; 轮廓清晰的well-defined;有表现力的expressive 其它: 技巧technique;透视perspective;展品exhibit;美术馆art gallery; 艺术学院art academy;工作室studio, etc. 其它 雕塑sculpture; 陶器pottery; 泥土clay

  4. 生物类 栖息地habitat=> elements: food, water, climate and spaces for protection, etc. *living material: TPO16L3 foraging behavior=> size & distance issues TPO7L3 ultrasonic pulses=> moth *climate: TPO13L2 interdependent=> ecological system& beaver=>wetland & species variety TPO18L4 winter: freeze; spring: thaw *protection: TPO17L4 change colors, texture, shape & size TPO8L1 human activity=> destruction TPO20L4 change colors=> camouflage 植物 考察特征: TPO2 L2,TPO6 L2 进化/适应环境 考察事物的变化及不同的观点解释:TPO10L1 (whale-fossils v.s. DNA), TPO21L3(snake)

  5. 地质类 常见主题 岩石形成/变化, 测绘方法, 不同地质时期风貌, 化石, 岩洞, 气候及理论假说 关注: 事物成因: water, geologic movements, climate, chemical reactions, human activities 影响体现在: 化石形态, 沉积物特征及一些变化 不同观点: hypothesis, theory, theorize, claim, etc. 例子: 化繁为简 技术: 列举/对比 展示图片: e.g. 流程图

  6. 地质类 常见词汇 -animals/plants=> 化石fossils=>沉积层sediment layers -形成formation: 地下水surface water;火山岩浆lava;山脉mountain range;冰川glacier;峡谷canyon;火山volcano, etc. -颗粒/微粒grain/particle;砂岩sandstone;花岗岩granite;碎石gravel;方解石calcite;石灰石limestone, etc. -结晶crystalize;采伐森林deforest;腐蚀erode;蒸发evaporate;风化weather, 冰冻freeze, 喷发erupt, etc. -化学物质: 二氧化碳carbon dioxide;二氧化硫sulfur dioxide;甲烷methane;硫酸sulfuric acid;硫化氢hydrogen sulfide;碳酸carbonic acid;氮nitrogen;磷phosphorus, 氨ammonia, etc. -时间: 代era;世epoch;期period, etc. -残留物remnant/residue

  7. 天文类 常见词汇 -恒星star;行星planet;小行星带asteroid belt;流星体meteoroid;流星雨meteor shower;流星meteor;陨石meteorite;彗星comet, etc. -星系galaxy;内太阳系inner solar system;外太阳系outer solar system; etc. -水星Mercury;金星Venus;火星Mars;木星Jupiter, etc. -尘埃dust;坑crater;撞击impact/crash;壳crust;幔mantle, etc. -太阳黑子sunspot;紫外线光ultra-violet light, etc. -分子molecule;成分composition/component;光谱spectra;放射性radiation -样本sample;探测年代age estimate;宇航员astronaut;太空探索space exploration, etc. -雷达radar;无线电radio;望远镜telescope, etc. -人名:伽利略Galileo;哥白尼Copernicus

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