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Non-Destructive Tests through Gammagraphy: Technical Job with Rigorous Improvisation

Explore the role and importance of non-destructive tests through gammagraphy for reducing exposure to ionizing radiations. Learn about the necessary skills, difficulties, and radiological risk assessment involved in the job. Discussion on the role of ergonomics and organizational reliability.

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Non-Destructive Tests through Gammagraphy: Technical Job with Rigorous Improvisation

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  1. Non-destructive tests through gammagraphy : « a technical job as well as some necessary rigorous improvisation and astutes » Alain Garrigou, Univ. of Bordeaux 1, France Chantal Tannière, Perpectives Ergonomie Gabriel Carballeda, Formation en Ergonomie Alain Garrigou

  2. Introduction • Role and stakes of industrial grammagraphy ; • Several incidents in the past years ; • A wish for reducing exposure to ionising radiations ; Alain Garrigou

  3. Presentation schedule • An ergonomical study • Safety management and gammagraphy • First representation of gammagraphy activities • Some results from the activity analysis • Discussion Alain Garrigou

  4. 1 - An ergonomical study • The demand • The methodology used Alain Garrigou

  5. 2 - Safety management and gammagraphy See Abéla & Blandin about : • NDT activities preparation ; • Lockout requests linked with the planning of the shutdown; • Exposure permit and boundary map ; • Devices considered as secure by the manufacturers Alain Garrigou

  6. 3 – A first representation gammagraphy activities • An activity little known ; • An easy job : It would only…. • A risky job; • A simplistic representation among deciders ; • The accidents are due to Human Factor Alain Garrigou

  7. 4 - Some results from activity analysis 4.1 - Some variabilities in situation 4.2 - Necessary skills 4.3 - Some difficulties 4.4 - Radiological risk assessment Alain Garrigou

  8. 4.1 - Some variabilities in situation • Accessibility to the organ to be controlled ; • Crowded spaces; • Well-lit or semi-darkness; • Presence of scaffoldings or biologicalprotection Alain Garrigou

  9. 4.2 - Necessary skills • Technical knowledge ; • Many rigorous improvisation or astutes for : • Defining the restricted area • Fixing the film cassette and the guiding tube ; • Centring the film ; • Calculation of exposure; • Etc. Alain Garrigou

  10. Defining the restricted area Alain Garrigou

  11. Fixing the film cassette and the guiding tube Alain Garrigou

  12. 4. 3 - Some difficulties • Transport of the equipment ; • Loading; • Handling and risky postures ; Alain Garrigou

  13. Transport of the equipment Alain Garrigou

  14. Risky and uncomfortable postures Alain Garrigou

  15. Risky and uncomfortable postures Alain Garrigou

  16. 4.4 - Radiological risk assessment • A risk well known ; • Sources of 60 curies (still used by gammagraphers ) ; • Use of a radiation meter at the beginning of the test ; • The gammagraph indicators not adapted ( not really visible ) Alain Garrigou

  17. 4.4 - Radiological risk assessment • Uncertainty about the position of the source : how many revolutions ? • Not reminding information available ; • Necessity of an alarm system development; • Taking into account the real conditions of equipment use ! Alain Garrigou

  18. 5 - Discussion • The role of an ergonomics point of view: • The detour by activity understanding ; • The identification of high stress situations; • Uncertainty, decisions taking and vigilance Alain Garrigou

  19. 5 - Discussion • From Human error to organisational reliability ; • Taking into account the traditional risks ! Alain Garrigou

  20. 5 - Discussion • The status of skills and rigorous improvisation ; • The status of cautiousness skills ; • The on going study Alain Garrigou

  21. Alain Garrigou

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