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Simulation things to note…

Learn about electric motors and generators, including the concepts of voltage, current, and resistance. Discover how magnets and electromagnets play a role in converting electrical and mechanical energy. Explore the process of electromagnetic induction and how it is used in generators to produce electricity.

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Simulation things to note…

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  1. Simulation things to note… • Part A: your arrow tip = red part of needles • Part B: you can change battery voltage on the actual battery • Part C: circuit = what is on your screen, when you click on “polarity” = “flip polarity” Voltage Current Resistance

  2. Chapter 17 Electric Motors and Generators

  3. Electric Motors and Generators Motors: transform electrical energy into mechanical energy Generators: transform mechanical energy into electrical energy • Electrical energy: energy from moving electrical charge • Mechanical energy: energy due to motion or position

  4. More Vocabulary • Rotor – a piece that rotates in a motor • Commutator – a device that can reverse the flow of electric current

  5. Electric Motors Motors have three parts: A rotor with magnets that alternate. One or more fixed magnets around the rotor. A commutator that switches the direction of current to keep the rotor spinning.

  6. Electric motors Around the edge of a rotor are several magnets, their alternating north and south poles facing out.

  7. Electric motors To make the rotor spin, bring a permanent magnet close to its edge. The free magnet attracts one of the magnets in the disk and repels the next one. The disk is a “rotor” because it rotates.

  8. Electric motors In a working electric motor, an electromagnet replaces the magnet you reversed with your fingers. • As the rotor spins, a commutatorreverses the direction of the current in the electromagnet.

  9. Electromagnetic Induction Electromagnetic induction: a moving magnet produces a current in a coil of wire Generators use electromagnetic induction to create electricity

  10. Battery Run Electric Motors An electric motor that runs from batteries has the same three parts: rotating part, fixed magnets, and a commutator. The permanent magnets are on the outside, and the electromagnets turn in the rotor. Commutator Permanent magnets

  11. Generating Electricity A generatorconverts mechanical energy into electrical energy using the law of induction. • As long as the disk is spinning, there is a changing magnetic field through the coil and electric current is created.

  12. Exit Question! The diagram below represents the rotor of an electric motor. To cause the rotor to turn in a counter-clockwise direction, the north pole of a magnet should be placed at position:

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