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Calculation of Hydrogen Gas Volume from Sodium and Phosphoric Acid Reaction

This document details the reaction of sodium with phosphoric acid to produce hydrogen gas, analyzing both theoretical and actual yields. The reaction 6Na + 2H3PO4 → 3H2 + 2Na3PO4 is used to calculate the volume of hydrogen gas generated under standard temperature and pressure (STP). Key calculations determine the theoretical yield as 0.336 L, while the actual yield is measured at 0.30 L, yielding a percent yield of 89%. Further calculations are provided to find the volume of the gas at room temperature after adjusting for pressure and temperature changes.

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Calculation of Hydrogen Gas Volume from Sodium and Phosphoric Acid Reaction

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  1. Quiz 4-26-12 Answers

  2. 2.30 g Na are reacted with 100.0 mL of 0.10 M phosphoric acid. Calculate the number of liters of hydrogen gas formed at STP. 6 Na + 2H3PO4 3 H2 + 2 Na3PO4 2.30 g Na 1 mole Na 3 mole H2 22.4 L H2 = 1.12 L H2 23.0 g Na 6 mole Na 1 mole H2

  3. 2.30 g Na are reacted with 100.0 mL of 0.10 M phosphoric acid. Calculate the number of liters of hydrogen gas formed at STP. 6 Na + 2H3PO4 3 H2 + 2 Na3PO4 0.100 L H3PO4 0.1 mole H3PO4 3 mole H2 22.4 L H2 = 0.336 L H2 1L H3PO4 2 mole H3PO4 1 mole H2

  4. When you actually perform the experiment, you get 0.30 L of H2. What is the percent yield. • The two values for the volume of H2 were 0.336 L and 1.12 L of H2 • 0.336 L is the theoretical yield. 1.12 is just wishful thinking. • 0.30 L is the actual yield. Actual yield 0.30 L H2 X 100 % = 89% theoretical yield 0.336 L H2

  5. A 0.336 L of sample of hydrogen gas at STP is heated to 23oC at 745 mm Hg.Calculate the volume of the gas at room temperature. Identify the variables V1 = 0.336 L T1 = 273 K P1 = 760 mm Hg T2 = 23 + 273 = 296 K P2 = 745 mm Hg V2 = ? P1 V1 T2 = V2 P2 T1 (760 mm Hg) (0.336 L) (296 K) 0.372 L = (745 mm Hg) (273 K)

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