[ Module 2] How to integrate CSP into urban development?

1. [Module 2]How to integrate CSP into urban development?

2. How to integrate CSP into urban development? Embedding CSP into urban planning Coherence between CSP and various development programmes Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation Implications of Global Warming for Urban Sanitation Howtoimprovelinkagesbetweensanitationandothersectors? Moderateddiscussion on impactsof Global Warming on Urban Sanitation

3. Embedding CSP into urban planning Plans at ULB level City Development Plan Master Plan Municipal Solid Waste Management Plan Plans andprogrammesfromothersectorswithlocaloutreach • CSP City Mobility Plan Solar City Master Plan coordinateandconsider coordinateandconsider Port Trusts Industrial Development Corporations Slum Free City Plan of Action DPRs fromothersectors Airport Railway Transport Department Irrigation Department coordinateandconsider Local legal framework Slum Clearance Boards Municipal Bye-laws Development Control Rules

4. Coherence between CSP and other programmes - framework

5. Coherence between CSP and other programmes - details Integrated slum redevelopment with basic civic & social infrastructural amenities & shelter: ~250 cities, mainly Class-I by the end of 12th Five Year Plan sewerage, waste management, construction & improvement of (storm water) drains preservation of water bodies water supply housing for urban poor (BSUP) Identified cities only (million plus preferred) Finance Commission: all sectors – all cities State Programmes:as definedInternational Donors:as per project • RAY • JNNURM Other sewerage, waste management, construction & improvement of (storm water) drains preservation of water bodies water supply all other cities not covered under JNNURM • CSP Objectives UIDSSMT Social Welfare Dept. all sectors – housing, toilets, livelihood all cities NRCP ILCS waste water treatment, public and community toilets cities along major river banks individual toilets Convert dry latrines into pour flush latrines

6. Urban Development Whatis urban development? Whataretheelements? pleasetrytodefine … Urban development Elements of urban development Urbanization • zoning of residential, recreational, business and industrial uses • supply with food and goods of daily life • supply with water and electricity • accessibility and transport • management of residuals (waste, waste water) • health, safety and disaster management • administration and management • public participation • to ensure and provide for: • health and safety, • inclusion and equity, and • accessible servicesfor the urban citizens … increase of population in urban areas versus rural areas

7. Elements of urban development from the perspective of urban sanitation Livelihoodandqualityoflifeof urban population Sectors Healthfacilities Public Infrastructure Waterresources Watersupply Solid waste Public Health Sanitation Land use Housing Strom water Access totoilets Pollution control Wastewater Environmental Quality Industry Business

8. Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation – Water supply • Amountofwatersupplieddetermines: • amountofwastewatergenerated • dimensionandtechnologyofsanitationfacilites • Leakages • ofsewercanpollutewaterresources • ofwaterpipescancausecontaminationofdrinkingwaterthroughintrusion • Watersupply • Wastewater Re-cyclingoftreatedwastewaterreducesconsumption

9. Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation – Storm water • Better planning, management and maintenance can protect water bodies from contamination • separate drains from sewer • protect septage tanks from contact with storm water run-off / overflow of septage tanks to storm water drains • maintain and manage drains Explain • +

10. Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation – Solid waste • Proper and efficient solid waste management can reduce maintenance work for drains, ensure proper functioning of drains and avoid public health problems • Solid waste littered in drains has • impact on physical condition of drains and reduces functional efficiency • impact on quality of water (contamination / pollution) • Strategies to tackle: • regular cleansing of drains • cover drains wherever possible • stop littering through provision of services

11. Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation housing Coordinationrequirementwithhousingdepartment Objective / recommendedstandard information on new housing projects (area, number of units, inhabitants, standards, etc.) provide information on sanitation requirements to housing department (number and capacities of septage tanks, sewer lines, storm water drains, etc.) include new data in plans and concept, check capacities of downstream elements (main sewers, main drains, CETP etc.) • All new housing schemes shall be equipped with effective sanitation system • Coverage to be expanded to existing areas

12. Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation – health facilities • Proactivehealtheducation will: • reduce rate of open defacation • helptoreducesanitationrelatedhealthproblems • Healthfacilities • Sanitation Improvedsanitation will takepressurefromofteninadequatehealthfacilities

13. Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation – land use planning Coordinationrequirementwithplanningdepartment Objective / recommendedstandard information on required sites and size for provision of safe sanitation infrastructure Allocation of required sites in required sizes on plan communication of urban development strategy to sanitation department for comments and consideration in sanitation planning at an early stage include new data in plans and concept, check capacities of downstream elements (main sewers, main drains, CETP etc.) • Comprehensive land use planning provides • Information to foresee and consider future demand for sanitation facilities • Allocates required land resources • Ensures early understanding of additional capacity requirements • Helps to reduce open defecation through provision of land resources

14. Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation – urban infrastructure Coordinationrequirementwithinfrastructureandplanningdepartment Objective / recommendedstandard Inclusive planning of roads with integrated waste water drains along road Designing of roads to carry storm water Communication of infrastructure development strategy to sanitation department for comments and consideration in sanitation planning at an early stage Include new data in plans and concept, check capacities of downstream elements (main sewers, main drains, CETP etc.) • Well planned roads can also function as storm water drains (e.g. Slum Networking Project) • Accelerated storm water run-off from roads and paved areas has to be considered in planning of storm water drains / storm water management • Roads should be protected from inundation

15. Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation – industry and business Coordinationrequirementwithindustryandbusinessdevelopment Objective / recommendedstandard Establish a cadastre on generators of industrial waste water including quantities and qualities Ensure on-site pre-treatment of industrial waste water Ensure adequate capacity for collection and treatment of pre-treated industrial waste water Ensure continuous monitoring and control Communication of urban business and industrial development strategy to sanitation department for comments and consideration in sanitation planning at an early stage include new data in plans and concept, check capacities of downstream elements (main sewers, main drains, CETP etc.) • Waste water from industries and businesses is properly managed and treated and does not pollute water bodies or soils. • Municipality provides the capacities to manage and treat non-industrial waste water from businesses and SMEs

16. Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation - livelihood • Good sanitation facilities • keep people healthy • save medical costs • avoid loss of working time • Construction, O & M of sanitation facilities • increase employment opportunities • increase income, • strengthen local economy and business • Availability of sanitation facilities • improves quality of life of urban population, particularly poor • increase safety of women and girls and reduces their specific health risks 1$ investment in sanitation can lead to $9 returns

17. Elements of urban development and their linkages with sanitation – water resources Causes of water contamination • Stagnation • Multiple dimensions • Ground water Contamination • Sewage into streams • Direct contact with polluted water • Direct disposal • Direct discharge into water bodies

18. How to ensure that all aspects of CSP and urban development are integrated? Consider all existing plans such as CDP , Master plans and DPRs prepared or implemented Consider cross cutting issues, and challenges e.g. pollution of water bodies, flooding, impacts of climate change, future growth, natural conditions Devise and establish a mechanism to evolve coordination and integration between departments, and stakeholders Consider schemes and programmes that can fund different components Seek support at the highest appropriate level to ensure conflict resolution

19. Linkage between CSP and urban development Group Work • Whatcantheparticipants do in theirpositiontoimprovelinkagebetween urban sanitationandtheothersectors relevant for urban development?What support would they need?

20. Urban Sanitation and Global Warming Whatistheconnectionbetween urban sanitationand Global Warming?

21. Urban Sanitation and Global Warming – What are the possible effects of Global Warming? • Impacts on Sanitation Infrastructure • Sea level rise • Floods • Increased Rainfall • Drought • Heat waves

22. Urban Sanitation and Global Warming – Impacts on Urban Sanitation Possiblemitigationeffectsof Urban Sanitation Impacts of Global Warming • Rise in sea level, and floods can impact functioning of sanitation network system • Water logging can become a common problem • Increased rainfall can exceed capacities of existing infrastructure If sewage is managed well – sewage treatment can yield methane which can be used as energy source to generate electricity or as gas Waste from the sewage treatment units can be used as compost, reducing energy intensive fertilizer consumption

23. Linkage between CSP and Climate Change Moderated discussion • Do youknowhowClimate Change will affectyourhomestate / hometown? Givesome details about changes in temperature and rainfall regime. • Have you got any knowledge about probability of hydro-meteorological disasters? What about diseases triggered by Climate Change? • Are you aware where you can find relevant information? • What do you think are the consequences of Climate Change for urban sanitation in your home town? • Self-assessyourknowledgeaboutimpactsofclimateClimate Change in yourregion. Do youthinkitisadequate, orwouldyourequiremoredetailedknowledge?

24. Thank you very much Indo-German Environment Programme (IGEP) Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH  Sustainable Urban Habitat B-5/2, First Floor, Safdurjung Encalve, New Delhi-110029, Tel: +91-11-49495300/01/02