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From the Vodka Sea to Mare Narcoticum : Criminal Networks in the Baltic Sea Region

From the Vodka Sea to Mare Narcoticum : Criminal Networks in the Baltic Sea Region. Dr. Risto Pullat Police Lt. Col. The 25 th  Baltic Criminological Seminar The Challenge of Crime in the Globalized World 12-13 April 2012, Tallinn. CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION.

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From the Vodka Sea to Mare Narcoticum : Criminal Networks in the Baltic Sea Region

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  1. From the Vodka Sea to Mare Narcoticum: Criminal Networks in the Baltic Sea Region Dr. Risto Pullat Police Lt. Col. The 25th Baltic Criminological Seminar The Challenge of Crime in the Globalized World 12-13 April 2012, Tallinn

  2. CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION • criminal organizations versus criminal networks • Timo Kyntäjä • relationships of a supplier-consumer or employer-employee • partnership of pairs or small groups • organized crime in Baltic Sea Region is rooted in spirits smuggling during Prohibition

  3. CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION economic, social and quasi-state tasks “Mutual Fund” “Kolja Zolotoi” OMCGs Bandidos, HellsAngels, Cannonball Black Cobra

  4. CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION The symbol of a “thief-in-law” aka “vor v zakone” on the floor of the meeting room of a deluxe villa of a well known Georgian “thief-in-law” VyacheslavIvankov, nicknamedYaponchik ("LittleJapanese"), a top figure in Russian organized crime

  5. CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION • monopoly of the market of illegal products • major part of the synthetic drugs smuggled into Finland come from Estonia • Lithuanian drug traffickersare oriented towards Sweden and Finland • Latvian organized crimeact’s as a mediator for Russian organized crime • Latvian organized crime does not operate in Scandinavia

  6. CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION • socialembeddedness • homogenouscriminalnetworks • correlationofsocial position and criminal possibilities • Klaus von Lampe

  7. CONSTELLATIONS OF ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION Klaus von Lampe. Organized Crime in Europe: Conceptionsand Realities.Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 2(1), 2008: 7-17. = isolated criminal network = integrated criminal network

  8. CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION • heroine is replaced by fenthanyl • “White Chinese” in entering Nordic drug market • Estonia is amphetamine producing country • amphetamine production is cheaper in Netherlands and Russia • Lithuanian produced amphetamine and methamphetamine is conquering Nordic countries • new synthetic drugs (Bromo Dragonfly, Dextromethorphan aka DXM, Crocodile, mephedrone) • cannabis (indoor and outdoor) harvest • an indoor plantation with four halls, a total of 720 to 800 plants, and four harvests peryear would have a sales value of 494,000 to 988,000 euros

  9. CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION • illegal goods and services are moving from East to West and vice versa • successful effort of LEA have ensured that the prices of narcotic substances in the Nordic countries are continually high • Russia will still be an enticing illegal market for both international and national drug trafficking and St. Petersburg as a gate for it • young drug couriers

  10. CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION • subculture of “thieves” has influenced the whole Baltic Sea Region • “Mutual Fund” symbolizing, the subculture of “thieves”, is unique in the Baltic Sea Region • “Mutual Fund” will fall apart in the nearest future • criminal networks dominate in the OC of the Baltic Sea Region • Baltic Sea countries are countries of origin, target and transit for different areas of crime, which provide OC and the related drug business with a broad area of activity

  11. CRIMINAL NETWORKS IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION “If images are to be drawn from fictional accounts the indications are that criminals far more often operate within structures illustrated in ‘Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels’than those illustrated in ‘The Godfather’” Professor David Canter

  12. REFERENCES • Pullat, Risto (2009). Organized Crime Related Drug Trafficking in the Baltic Sea Region. Police Point of View. Tallinn: Estonian Police Board. • Pullat Raimo, Pullat Risto (2010). Viinameri. Salapiiritusevedu Läänemerel kahe sõja vahel. Tallinn: Estopol. • Lampe, K. von (2005). Organized Crime in Europe. Handbook of TransnationalCrime and Justice. Ed. Philip Reichel. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications: 403–424. • Lampe, K. von (2008). Organized Crime in Europe: Conceptionsand Realities.Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 2(1): 7-17.

  13. Thank you for your attention!risto.pullat@politsei.ee

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