F. Scott Fitzgerald

1. F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940)

2. Biography • Born as Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald in St. Paul Minnesota on September 24, 1896 • Attended Catholic prep schools in St. Paul as well as New Jersey • Member of the Princeton class of 1917 • Unlikely to graduate, Fitzgerald decides to join the army in 1917 • Fitzgerald neglected his studies, but was a frequent contributor to school humor magazines while attending Princeton.

3. Biography • Because of his belief that he would lose his life in the war, he writes his first work called The Romantic Egoist. • This is rejected by publishers twice • While assigned to Camp Sheridan, near Montgomery, Alabama, he fell in love with eighteen-year-old Zelda Sayre, the youngest daughter of an Alabama Supreme Court judge. • The war ended before he was sent overseas. • Fitzgerald and Zelda got engaged and moved to New York City

4. Biography • While in New York, Fitzgerald worked in the advertisement business • Zelda was not willing to live on such a meager salary and broke off their engagement • In 1919, Fitzgerald quit his job, moved back to St. Paul and finished his third revision of The Romantic Egoist. • Finally this was published by Scriveners as This Side of Paradise • This marks the beginning of his career as a writer.

5. Biography • To sustain his lifestyle, Fitzgerald wrote many short stories. • When This Side of Paradise debuted in 1920, Fitzgerald became an overnight success. • A week later he married Zelda in New York • Fitzgerald endeavored to earn a solid literary reputation, but his playboy image impeded the proper assessment of his work. • He became an alcoholic, but contrary to popular belief, he never wrote while drinking. • His work was always painstakingly revised and edited through much time and effort on his part.

6. Biography • Many connections between his life and his works can be traced. He constantly writes about love and success. • When critics objected to Fitzgerald’s concern with love and success, his response was: “But, my God! it was my material, and it was all I had to deal with.” • In France during 1924, he wrote The Great Gatsby. • While in France, their marriage was damaged by Zelda’s involvement with a French naval aviator.

7. Biography • The Great Gatsby marked a striking advance in Fitzgerald’s technique, utilizing a complex structure and a controlled narrative point of view. • Fitzgerald’s achievement received critical praise, but sales of Gatsby were disappointing, though the stage and movie rights brought additional income. • During these years in France, Zelda Fitzgerald’s unconventional behavior became increasingly eccentric. • They returned to America to continue his writing.

8. Biography • Fitzgerald was not among the highest-paid writers of his time; his novels earned comparatively little, and most of his income came from 160 magazine stories. • The 1936-1937 period is known as “the crack-up” from the title of an essay Fitzgerald wrote in 1936. • Ill, drunk, in debt, and unable to write commercial stories, he lived in hotels in the region near Asheville, North Carolina, where in 1936 Zelda Fitzgerald entered Highland Hospital.

9. Biography • Fitzgerald went to Hollywood alone in the summer of 1937 with a six-month Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer screenwriting contract at $1,000 a week. • After MGM dropped his option at the end of 1938, Fitzgerald worked as a freelance script writer and wrote short-short stories for Esquire. • He began his Hollywood novel, The Love of the Last Tycoon, in 1939 and had written more than half of a working draft when he died of a heart attack in a friend’s apartment on December 21, 1940.

10. Fitzgerald’s Legacy • F. Scott Fitzgerald died believing himself a failure. • The obituaries were condescending, and he seemed destined for literary obscurity. • In the 1960s he had achieved a secure place among America’s enduring writers. • The Great Gatsby, a work that seriously examines the theme of aspiration, becomes a classic in its depiction of the pursuit of the American Dream. • Jazz Age partier who becomes a hero, mainly because of his ability to hope.

11. Themes • The Perversion of the American Dream • Hope • Disillusionment • The Skewed Morals of the Upper class • The Inadequacy of Money/ Wealth • Mutability and Loss • Success

12. “The Roaring 20’s” • “It was an age of miracle; it was an age of art; it was an age of excess; and it was an age of satire.” • Affluence and debauchery were seen as central to American life. • Money became the main goal of Americans. • Morality took a back seat to pleasure.