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Exploring the Music of India and Islamic Cultural Influences in Arts

This comprehensive guide covers the music of India as part of Test #1 on the syllabus for The Arts and Music in Islam. It delves into the rich musical traditions before and after the advent of Islam, discussing the significance of Khandan and Musiqi, as well as traditional and modern musical practices. Key topics include the role of music in Islamic culture, its poetry, and visual arts, alongside examples of diverse instruments and famous performances. Enhance your understanding of Islamic music and Indian musical heritage through various multimedia resources.

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Exploring the Music of India and Islamic Cultural Influences in Arts

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  1. TEST # 1 (1st Half) • Next Friday, 28 February 2014 • Covers only “Music of India” (chapter 1) • Written only (no listening) • Counts for 50% of Test # 1 (on syllabus)

  2. THE ARTS & MUSIC in ISLAM • Little music before Islam, except Poetry • Visual arts limited to abstract figuration • Music forbidden by Orthodox as article of faith (but….nothing in Qu’ran) • Khandan – chanting of Qu’ran • Musiqi – secular music (all other types)

  3. Chanting of Qur’an (vocal) Free rhythm(non-metrical) Improvisatory(or sounds like) Monophonic Sacred Traditional Uses Instruments Strict rhythms(metrical) Pre-composed Polyphonic Secular Westernized KHANDAN vs. MUSIQI

  4. Khandan or Musiqi? • Islamic Call to Prayer - [Islam Calls You] – YouTube • 09-ESKİ ORDU MARŞI [HD] – YouTube • Horon - Folk Dance from Black Sea Region of Turkey (Rize Kalkandere) – YouTube • Taksim turkish Saz Baglama - Youness Lhorri – YouTube • Sarı Zeybek - Sergio Pugnalin on bağlama saz solo – YouTube • The Sufi Whirling Dervishes of Istanbul – YouTube • Fella - Ya gelbi - Dvdrip - فلة الجزائرية - نتحدث معاك يا قلبي – YouTube • belly dancer in qatar – YouTube • AbdEl Gadir Salim - Bitzid Min' Adhabi - YouTube • Masters of Persian Music - Saz va Avaz (Nahoft) - YouTube

  5. Khandan or Musiqi? • Example 1 • Example 2 • Example 3 • Example 4

  6. TAR Sound Example: YouTube - Ramiz Guliyev - Tar

  7. SEHTAR Sound Example: YouTube - Hassan Kassai plays sehtar (1/2)

  8. SANTOUR Sound Example: YouTube - Ardavan Kamkar - Santour Solo

  9. KAMANCHEH Sound Example: YouTube - Iranian Traditional Kamancheh Performance

  10. OUD (or UD) Sound Example: YouTube - Taqsim Oud maroc

  11. NEY Sound Example:YouTube - Ney: Hassan Nahid (part 1 of 2)

  12. DOMBAKor ZARB Sound Example 1: YouTube - persian drum Sound Example 2:YouTube - Persian drum (Rag-bar) farhad bazargan Sound Example 3:YouTube - Persian Tonbak (Zarb) Solo Sound Example 4: YouTube - Kevan Chemirani Zarb Solo

  13. AN IRANIAN “CLASSICAL” CONCERT • Pishdaramad – “before the introduction” • Chahar Mezrab – “four hammers” (“flying hammers”) • Avaz – (improvised) showpiece of concert • Tasnif – (strophic) song(s) • Reng – dance piece(s) • NB. all organized around same DASTGAH (when played on the same concert)

  14. Theoretical Terms to Know • Radif – collection of all short pieces in a player’s repertoire (about 300) • Dastgah – tunings, similar to scale (12 in all) • Gusheh – smallest musical ideas (about 300) that make up the Radif • Daramad – alternate name for first few important melodic ideas (give the Dastgah its name)

  15. Examples of the Individual Parts of Iranian Classical Concerts • Pishdaramad:YouTube - pishdaramad abuata (reza shafiean) • Chahar Mezrab:YouTube - Osqueezadeh plays chahargah in Tahran • Avaz: YouTube - Masters of Persian Music - Saz va Avaz (Nahoft) • Tasnif: YouTube - Great maestro Shajarian, Tasnif: Chehreh be chehreh • Reng: YouTube - Pejman Azarmina: Shahr Ahub Nava / Old Persian Dances

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