Unit 7 The Cold War and African Decolonization

1. Unit 7The Cold Warand African Decolonization

2. The Cold War An ideological conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union in which neither nation directly confronted the other on the battlefield

3. An economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business ventures in order to make a profit An economic system in which all means of production – land, factories, railroads, and businesses – are owned by the people, private property does not exist, and all goods and services are shared equally Capitalism Communism

4. The Start of the Cold War Either • The Yalta Conference (Feb. ’45) • Division of Germany/Berlin • Reparations to USSR by Germany • “Free” E. European elections • Dropping the bomb (Aug. ’45) The Big Three

5. June 1945 • Creation of the United Nations • Replaces the FAILED League of Nations • World peace-keeping body

6. Potsdam Conference July 1945 • Stalin – “Communism and capitalism cannot exist in the same world. War between the two is inevitable.” • Reneges on his promises from Yalta

7. Germany and Berlin • Divided into two parts, East and West • East Germany, East Berlin – Soviet control • West Germany, West Berlin – Allied control • 1961 Berlin Wall – a symbol of the Cold War

8. Warsaw Pact - 1955 • “Iron Curtain” – Churchill March 1946 • Warsaw Pact – alliance btwn Soviet satellite countries to protect against Capitalist attack

9. Cold War in the 50’s and 60’s • Korea and Vietnam – Containment and the Domino Effect • Hungarian and Czech uprising • Cuban Missile Crisis • Bay of Pigs • Brinkmanship • Space race • Arms Race And the answer is… Larry Bowler – Recent American History

10. Cold War in the 70’s and 80’s • Many reforms to limit nuclear weapons build up • Still great tension (Afghanistan) • Nixon & Regan – Détente, A lessening of tensions • Mikhail Gorbachev – • Glasnost- “Openness” btwn US & USSR • Perestoika- economic restructuring of Soviet system

11. End of the Cold War • European Union (EU) stimulate economic growth of participating countries • Collapse of Communist gov’ts • Fall of Berlin Wall (1989) • USSR become Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) (1991) • Today? Russia? China? Cuba? Vietnam? Korea?

12. Choice of Assignments #1 35 points • For this assignment, you must choose one of the events we have discussed in class concerning the Cold War and write a newspaper article describing the events.

13. Choice of Assignments #235 points Draw political two cartoons of the same COLD WAR event that show: • Communism from the U.S. point of view AND • Capitalism from the Soviet point of view

15. Cold War Caricatures Joseph Stalin Harry Truman Nikita Krushchev Mao Zedong Fidel Castro JFK Ronald Reagan

16. Russia, China, Korea, Vietnam, Cuba today? Articles from different perspectives

17. African Independence • Decolonization – after 1946 • Third World Countries • the underdeveloped nations of the world, esp. those with widespread poverty. • the group of developing nations, esp. of Asia and Africa, that do not align themselves with the policies of either the U.S. or the former Soviet Union.

18. Problems in Newly Independent Countries • Still rely on cash crops • Lack of industrial growth • Ethnic & cultural conflicts • South Africa – Apartheid • A rigid policy of segregation of the non-white population Nelson Mandela

19. Genocide • Rwanda • Hutus v Tutsis • Cultural clashes • Over 1 million dead • Darfur • Sudan • “Never again”?

20. Rwanda search Hotel Rwanda