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RUSSIA STUDENT NOTES - 3

RUSSIA STUDENT NOTES - 3. CH. 4. III. CITIZENS, SOCIETY, AND STATE: POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION. Russian Orthodox Church Media controlled by state Internet campaigns – Pro Putin Nashi – youth movement Textbook content schools. III. CITIZENS, SOCIETY, AND STATE: POLITICAL CULTURE.

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RUSSIA STUDENT NOTES - 3

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  1. RUSSIA STUDENT NOTES - 3 CH. 4

  2. III. CITIZENS, SOCIETY, AND STATE:POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION • Russian Orthodox Church • Media controlled by state • Internet campaigns – Pro Putin • Nashi – youth movement • Textbook content schools

  3. III. CITIZENS, SOCIETY, AND STATE: POLITICAL CULTURE • Russian political culture and participation are difficult to assess – ALL forms are new • Illiberal democracy: elections are rigged, media is controlled • Russian people want democracy, but don’t know what that looks like (65% cannot define it)

  4. III. CITIZENS, SOCIETY AND STATE:POLITICAL CULTURE • Geographic setting • Slavophile (“lover of slavs”) vs. westernizer • Conflicting attitudes toward state • Equality of result NOT opportunity • Marxism – demise of capitalist west • Pride in religion (Eastern Orthodox), language, customs, history • Isolationism • Authoritarian, traditional • Most people think government is ABOVE the law • Young, urban, well-educated push for liberal values

  5. "Punk Prayer - Mother of God, Chase Putin Away!"

  6. III. CITIZENS, SOCIETY AND STATE:POLITICAL PARTICIPATION • DID vote under USSR – 100%...but no competition • Since 1991, turnout fairly high (~60%) • “Floating” parties – • 1995 – 45 parties • 1999 – 26 parties • Revolve around LEADER or ISSUE • Democratic; Centrist; Communist; Nationalist • Weak party loyalty • Dominant party/party in power—a political party that manages to maintain consistent control of a political system through formal and informal mechanisms of power, with or without strong support from the population

  7. III. CITIZENS, SOCIETY, AND STATEELECTIONS • 3 types • Referendum • Pres calls national referenda • Popular vote for national issue • Duma Elections • Every 5 years • Proportional representation (7%) • 2 round majority system • Presidential Elections • Ummm…whatever Putin want • 2 round majority system

  8. Russian Discontent • Backlash against 2012 Putin “re-election” • Fraud, ballot rigging, police brutality, corruption • Medvedev puppet/stooge • No freedom of press • Putin can remove governors at will • Illiberal democracy

  9. PUTIN’S RUSSIA • Appoints regional governors • Higher parliamentary threshold (7%) to eliminate smaller regional parties • Federation Council selected by president not legislature • Control of media: TV and radio • While PM had undiminished powers • Harder to register as political party/interest group

  10. III. CITIZENS, SOCIETY, AND STATECIVIL SOCIETY • CIVIL SOCIETY – historically weak • Activities of IG, NGO’s, organizations must be registered, approved, monitored in essence controlled by the state • High level of statism – expectation of the government to play an active role (control)

  11. Political Parties: United Russia • Centrist • Organized by oligarch Boris Berezovsky • “Party in power” • Merger between “Fatherland All-Russia” Party and the “United Party of Russia” • Put together to support Putin in the election of 2000 • PLATFORM: • Pro-Putin • Centrist • Strong Russia – central over regional • Chechnya • Combine free market w/ regulation • Protect social welfare AND private property • Anti-communist, anti-Americanism • Western style foreign policy

  12. Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) • Party leader Gennady Zyuganov • Emphasizes central planning and nationalism, state ownership • Regain territories lost after Soviet Union dissolution • Most organized of the parties • Party base = older

  13. Democratic Parties • Favor LIBERAL DEMOCRACY • Yabloko • pro-democracy • Name is acronym for its three founders, also means “apple” • A Just Russia • Socialist, equality and fairness • Union of Right Forces • Development of free market • Privatization of industry

  14. Nationalist Party • Liberal Democratic Party (LDPR) • “Neither liberal, nor democratic. It’s like Canadian Bacon, it’s just ham.” -Berger • Headed by Vladimir Zhirinovsky • Extreme nationalist (injured ethnic and state pride) • Anti-Semitic • Attacks reformist leaders and disliked Yeltsin • Said he would use nuclear weapons on Japan if he were elected

  15. III. CITIZENS, SOCIETY AND STATE:CLEAVAGES • Nationality/ethnicity • 82% Russians • Tatars, Ukrainians, Chuvashes, Bashkis, Byelorussians, Modavians • Federation w/ autonomous regions whose borders are based on ethnicity • Chechnya • Social class • Geography • ~75% live in urban: more western, educated

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