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Fungi

Fungi. Chapter 31. Fungal Commonalities. Heterotrophic & Eukaryotic Multicellular Important in the ecosystem as decomposers Cell walls composed of chitin

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Fungi

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  1. Fungi Chapter 31

  2. Fungal Commonalities • Heterotrophic & Eukaryotic • Multicellular • Important in the ecosystem as decomposers • Cell walls composed of chitin • Extracellular digestion of food by hydrolytic enzymes secreted by the fungus, then the nutrients are absorbed into the fungus’s body by diffusion • Yeast, Mold, & Mushrooms

  3. Fungal Morphology

  4. All Fungi • Built from filamentous structures called hyphae • Hyphae form meshes of branching filamentous structures called mycelium • Mycelium absorbs food for the fungus • Reproduction involves spores • Decomposers, parasites, mutualists

  5. 2 Types of Fungi • Two basic types of fungi • Those with septae (divide hyphae filaments into different compartments • Those without septae (coenocytic)

  6. Predominantly Haploid • Plasmogamy – WTF**? • Karyogamy – WTF**? ** WTF = Why The Face (“Modern Family” Reference)

  7. Questions • Most fungi are autotrophic – True/False? • Most fungi are unicellular or multicellular? • What is the different about coenocytic fungi? • What is the cell wall component in fungi? • Fungus life cycle is predominantly haploid or diploid?

  8. Zygomycota • Terrestrial • Coencytic • Sexual Reproduction

  9. Basidiomycota • Club fungi • Wood decomposers • Mushrooms & ‘Shrooms

  10. Ascomycota • Sac fungi • Asci – sac-like structures that produce sex spores • Yeast & Sordaria • Usually saprobic

  11. We like Fungi… • Pencillium mold produces penicillin • Saccharomyces cerevisiae • Fermentation of sugars used to rise bread or create EtOH beverages • What type of respiration?

  12. Lichens… Again • Mutualistic symbiosis • Lichen = photosynthetic algae or cyanobacteria + fungus (usually ascomycota) • Photosynthetic symbiont – produces sugar that is absorbed by fungus • Sometimes will even fix nitrogen for fungus • Fungus – protects and physical support for photosynthetic symbiont • Sometimes provides absorbed minerals as well

  13. Lichen Anatomy

  14. Lichens • Pioneer organisms • Break-down rocks by chemically and physically penetrating it.

  15. Watch Stamets Video

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