Macbeth Act IV and Imagery

1. Macbeth Act IV and Imagery By Julia M., Joon-Ha, and Anastasia, and Marina

2. Agenda • Quiz • Characters in Act IV • Summary of Act IV • Enactment • Imagery throughout the play • Discussion

3. Quiz • Which was not a prophecy in Act IV? • Birnam Wood must rise for Macbeth to be defeated • Beware of Macduff • Macbeth will fight Macduff heroically • Nobody born from woman may hurt Macbeth • Macbeth was freaked out by Banquo in scene I because… • He was trying to kill Macbeth • He was dead and came back as a ghost • He and Macbeth had the same outfit • He was drunk and babbling

4. 3. Who are Lady Macduff and her son discussing? a. Banquo b. Fleance c. Donalbain d. Macduff 4. Which character believes that Scotland is suffering and will later succeed Macbeth? a. Ross b. Hecate c. Macduff d. Malcom 5. What does Ross report to Macduff about his family? a. They’re in France b. They ran way c. They’re dead d. He didn’t see them

5. Quiz Answers • C • B • D • D • C

6. Characters • The Witches: conjure the three apparitions that predict Macbeth’s future 2. Macbeth - the Thane of Glamis. Made Thane of Cawdor after prophecy. At beginning-noble, brave and loyal, but as his temptation leads him to murder. Turns selfish. 3. Lady Macbeth - Macbeth’s wife, ambitious, strong, ruthless, urges her husband to kill Duncan and seize the crown. Is eventually guilty. Very strong and independent.

7. Characters 4. Macduff - A Scottish nobleman. Leads against Macbeth. wants Malcolm to be king; wants to kill Macbeth as revenge for murdering his family. 5. Malcolm - The son of Duncan, whose restoration to the throne signals Scotland’s return to order, flees Scotland when his father, King Duncan, is killed, but later takes over and “fixes” his country.

8. Characters 6. Lady Macduff - Macduff’s wife. Loving mother and wife -very different from Lady Macbeth. She is sweeter, kinder and not as independent and strong as Macbeth’s wife. 7. Lennox and Ross - Scottish noblemen-act as messengers

9. Scene I Macbeth comes to the witches and demands to know the truth about his prophecy. • They call upon the 4 apparitions • Beware of Macduff • He will not be killed by a man born from a woman • He is safe until the Birnam Wood moves to Dunsinane Hill. • 8 kings appear and Banquo’s ghost walks at the end of the line carrying a mirror.

10. Scene I cont’d 2. Lennox tells Macbeth that Macduff has fled to England. 3. Macbeth decides to send murderers to kill Macduff’s wife and children.

11. “Eye of newt and toe of frog, wool of bat and tongue of dog” (IV.i).

12. Scene II • Lady Macduff is angry that her husband fled and left her and her children defenseless, but does not flee when told to because she argues that she is innocent. • Lady Macduff tells her son that his father is dead, but he doesn’t agree. • Murderers come and kill Lady Macduff and her children

13. Scene III 1.Malcom tests Macduff’s loyalty to Scotland by falsely telling him that Malcom will be a horrible king because he is lustful, greedy, and violent. Macduff, after disagreeing at first, is scared for Scotland, and therefore passed the test. 2. Doctor enters and tells Macduff that King Edward has the power to cure anyone just by touching him or her. 3. Ross comes from Scotland and informs the men the horrors of Scotland . • At first hesitant , he later confesses to Macduff that his wife and children are dead. 4. Crushed by the news, Macduff announces that he will use his anger to get revenge and kill Macbeth .

14. Enactment

19. Blood Imagery • “What bloody man is that? He can report, As seemeth by his plight, of the revolt the newest state” (I.ii.1) • "Which smok'd with bloody execution"(I.ii.20) • “Will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood Clean from my hand? No; this hand will rather the multitudinous seas incarnadine, making the green one red.” (II. ii. 78-81) • “And on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood, Which was not so before. There’s no such thing: It is the bloody business which informs thus to mine eyes.” (II.i.58)

20. 5. “What, will these hands ne’er be clean?…Here’s the smell of the blood still: all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand.” (V. i.45,53-55) 6. "I am in blood stepped in so far, that, should I wade no more, returning were as tedious go o'er." (III. iv. 168-170)

21. Dagger Imagery 1. “There’s daggers in men’s smiles. The near in blood, the nearer bloody.” (II.iii.165-166) 2.“Stepped in the colors of their trade, their daggers unmannerly breeched with gore.” (II.iii.134) 3.“That my keen knife see not the wound it makes, nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark to cry ‘Hold, hold!’” (I.v.59)

22. 4.“Is this a dagger which I see before me, the handle toward my hand?” (II.i.44) 5.“This is the air-drawn dagger which you said led you to Duncan.” (III.iv.75) 6.“Be this the whetstone of your sword. Let grief convert to anger. Blunt not the heart; enrage it.” (IV.iii.268)

23. Baby Imagery 1. “And pity, like a newborn babe striding the blast, or heaven’s cherubin horsed Upon the sightless couriers of the air, shall blow the horrid deed in every eye,that tears shall drown the wind” (I.vii.21) 2. "Each new morn / New windows howl, new orphans cry, new sorrows / Strike heaven on the face..." (IV.iii.5-8). 3.. “I have given suck, and know how tender ‘tis to love the babe that milks me. I would, while it was smiling in my face, have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums and dashed the brains out…” (I.vii.62)

24. 4."O treachery! Fly, good Fleance, fly, fly, fly! Thou mayst revenge--O slave!" (III.iii.25-26).   5."Murderer: He's a traitor. Son: Thou liest, thou shag-eared villain!Murderer: What, you egg? Stabbing him. Young fry of treachery!Son: He has killed me mother. Run away, I pray you" (IV.ii.92-98) 6.Thunder. 2nd Apparition, a Bloody Child."Be bloody, bold, and resolute. Laugh to scorn The power of man, for none of woman born Shall harm Macbeth" (IV.i.90-92)

25. Nature Imagery 1. “Bear welcome in your eye, your hand, your tongue; look like the innocent flower, but be the serpent under 't" (I.v.63-65) 2. “As hounds and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, and curs, shoughs, water-rugs, and demi-wolves are clept”(III.i.103) 3. “A falcon, tow’ring in her pride of place, was by a mousing owl hawked at and killed.” (II.iv.15) 4.“There the grown serpent lies. The worm that’s fled hath nature that in time will venom breed.” (III.iv.32)

26. Nature Imagery cont’d 5. “Scale of dragon, tooth of wolf, witch’s mummy, maw and gulf of the ravined salt-sea shark,…gall of goat and slips of yew slivered in the moon’s eclipse, Nose of Turk and Tartar’s lips, finger of birth-strangled babe”(IV.i.22) 6. “Now God help thee, poor monkey!” (IV.ii.65) 7. “And Duncan’s horses…turned wild in nature, broke their stalls, flung out, contending ‘gainst obedience…” (II.iv.17)

27. Other Imagery 1. “When shall we three meet again?  In thunder, lightning, or in rain?”(I.i.1) 2. "By the clock `tis day, and yet darknight strangles the traveling lamp" (II. iv.6-7) 3. “New honors come upon him like strange garments, cleave not to their mould but with the aid of use.”  (I. iii. 144-145) 4. “The Thane of Cawdor lives: why do you dress me in borrow'd robes?" (I.iii.114)

28. Discussion Questions 1. In Act IV, Scene i, in which the Three Witches show the three apparitions, Shakespeare has them speak an almost riddle-like prophecy.  Why do you think Shakespeare intended to do this? 2. If you were writing a scene in which a character's critical future was to be said, how would you word it?  Would you just blurt it out, or also try to riddle it up? 3. In Act IV, Scene iii, Malcolm tests Macduff by saying he will be an even worse king than Macbeth.  What characteristics make Duncan and Malcolm good kings, and what traits make Macbeth a tyrant?