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Infrastructure (in)security

Join us for an in-depth exploration of infrastructure security measures, focusing on critical failings of antimalware and administrative practices. Discover the hidden risks of custom code, hardware and software keyloggers, and the importance of using limited user accounts. We’ll cover best practices for password management, system encryption with BitLocker, and the perils of using privileged accounts. Stay ahead of cyber threats with proven strategies and insights from professional practices and expert experiences.

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Infrastructure (in)security

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  1. Infrastructure(in)security Ing. OndřejŠeveček | GOPAS a.s. | MCSM:Directory |MVP:Enterprise Security |CEH:Certified Ethical Hacker |CHFI:Computer Hacking Forensic Investigator | ondrej@sevecek.com |www.sevecek.com |

  2. Agenda • Where antimalware fails? • Where admin fails!

  3. Custom code • Antimalware detects only well-known code signatures • heuristics? • PowerShell, C#, ASP, … • Take a look at this…

  4. Limited user • Hardware keylogger* • Software keylogger * • https://www.sevecek.com/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=416 • Never type sensitive passwords on insecure machines

  5. What to do with a password? • Try if any other account does not have the same password* • https://www.sevecek.com/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=387 • Never use the same password twice

  6. UAC will keep me secure • No • https://www.sevecek.com/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=404 • It works only locally • code started manually* • Do not work under sensitive accounts • Use personal limited accounts

  7. That guys are local admins! • Hack local admin* • system partition unencrypted • https://www.sevecek.com/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=213 • Any workstation is compromised • Encrypt system with BitLocker and TPM • users must not know the password

  8. UAC will keep me secure • No • It works only locally • code injected through "autorun"* • Do not work under sensitive accounts on insecure machines

  9. Audit tools? • Antimalware? • Autoruns? • does not verify PowerShell code* • trusts in what you yourself trust * • https://www.sevecek.com/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=235 • Every tool can be fooled

  10. Web servers • Third party suppliers • Local limited admins • impersonation* • basic delegation* • Kerberos delegation* • https://www.sevecek.com/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=101 • Never access applications with privileged accounts

  11. RDP is plain-text authentication • Unfortunately • passwords can be extracted from LSASS memory* • https://www.sevecek.com/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=360 • Use MMC, RPC, DCOM, WMI, C$, Admin$, REGEDIT or SCCM Remote Tools instead • authenticates with Kerberos

  12. LSASS extraction made nice • Just let the admin access your web site • passwords can be extracted from LSASS memory * • Again, never access applications with privileged accounts

  13. Stolen CA • NTAuth CAs issue logon certificates independently from DCs • never appears on CRL * • Do not let them take your CA

  14. Thank you! • and also come to GOPAS: • GOC169 - Auditing ISO/IEC 27001 and 27002 • GOC171 - Active Directory Troubleshooting • GOC172 - Kerberos Troubleshooting • GOC173 - Enterprise Cryptography and PKI • GOC175 - Advanced Windows Security

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