1 / 48

Depression and Social Distress in Pakistan

Depression and Social Distress in Pakistan. By, Bridget Espinola. ("Pakistan earthquake," ). ("Terrorist attack," ). ("Shops and vehicles," 2011). (Penn). (Ahmed, 2008). ("A man walks," 2010). Life in Pakistan.

bud
Télécharger la présentation

Depression and Social Distress in Pakistan

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Depression and Social Distress in Pakistan By, Bridget Espinola

  2. ("Pakistan earthquake," ) ("Terrorist attack," ) ("Shops and vehicles," 2011) (Penn) (Ahmed, 2008) ("A man walks," 2010)

  3. Life in Pakistan • On October 8th, 2005, a 7.6 earthquake hit Pakistan at about 9am. At least 86,000 people were killed, and 69,000 were injured. Whole villages were destroyed, and 32,335 buildings collapsed in Anantnag, Baramula, Jammu, Srinagar, and Kashmir. (U.S. Geology Survey, 2007) • CNN - Pakistan quake toll at 18,000

  4. Life in Pakistan • In the summer of 2010, the worst floods in the history of Pakistan began to take its toll on what would be 18 million people affected by the disaster. Nearly a year later, the flood camps and distraught families are still far from recovery. (BBC, January 28, 2011) • BBC News - Pakistan life after floods • Washington Post - Pakistan floods

  5. Life in Pakistan • From 2007 onwards, civilian fatalities from terrorism in Pakistan more than doubled, as well as the number of attacks. The peak number of fatalities occurred in 2009, with 2,307 civilian deaths. (South Asia Terrorism Portal, 2011) • BBC News - Fighting in Karachi, Pakistan • BBC News - Muslims killed in Pakistan • NY Times - Terrorism rising in Pakistan

  6. ("An afghan refugee," ) ("Poverty pangs," ) ("This year's anti-poverty," ) ("Pakistan on the," 2010) (Tanveer) (RAWA)

  7. In Pakistan… • 54.2% of the population is literate • 23% of the population is undernourished • 22.59% of the population is in poverty • The life expectancy at birth is 67.2 years • 320 of 100,000 women die giving birth • 89 of 1,000 children under age 5 die • 6.8 of 100,000 people are murdered (Human Development Reports, n.d.)

  8. Pakistan ranks… • #143 of 178 in government corruption • #138 of 224 in deaths • #166 of 222 in life expectancy • #35 of 153 in death by HIV/AIDS (Central Intelligence Agency, 2009)

  9. ("Wedding of princess," 2010) (AFP, 2010) ("Stockholm," ) (Freedia, 2010) ("But who in," ) (H&M) ("Stormen gudrun, sweden," 2005)

  10. Life in Sweden • On January 8, 2005, hurricane Gudrun swept across southern Sweden, claiming nine lives and much forest damage. (Haanpää, Lehtonen, Peltonen, & Talockaite, n.d.) • Hurricane Gudrun Report

  11. Life in Sweden • On June 19, 2010, Princess Victoria married her former personal trainer, Daniel Westling, in Sweden. A ceremony that was beheld across Europe, if not the world. It was Sweden’s first royal marriage since 1976. (BBC, June 19, 2010) • BBC News - Pictures of Princess Victoria's wedding

  12. Life in Sweden • Since winning first prize in a fashion festival in 2007, Sandra Buckland has been influencing Swedish clothing. Other designers, such as Rickard Lindqvist and the three sisters behind the brand Minimarket, are also making a splash as well. (Randecker & Lagerberg, 2011) • The Local - Swedish fashion

  13. ("Royal canal tour," ) ("Gothia towers hotel," ) ("Stockholm scenery," ) ("Swedish girls," ) ("Tourism," ) ("Xmas spirit in," )

  14. In Sweden… • 99% of the population is literate • <5% of the population is undernourished • There is no available statistic for poverty • The life expectancy at birth is 81.3 years • 3 of 100,000 women die giving birth • 3 of 1,000 children under age 5 die • 0.9 of 100,000 people are murdered (Human Development Reports, n.d.)

  15. Sweden Ranks… • #4 of 178 in government corruption • #50 of 224 in deaths • #16 of 222 in life expectancy • #115 of 153 in death by HIV/AIDS (CIA, 2009)

  16. ("Swedish flag," )

  17. Happiness and Lifestyle in Sweden • In a 2008 study focusing on the correlation of low rates of hypertension and happiness, 93% of Swedes interviewed for the study chose to report that they were satisfied with their lives. • Sweden incidentally, reported some of the lowest occurrences of hypertension amongst its happy individuals. (Blanchflower & Oswald, 2008)

  18. Happiness and Lifestyle in Sweden • Sweden is well-known for its lifestyle. The country ranks #4 of 155 in happiness, with 68% of its population considered to be thriving, 30% to be struggling, and only 2% to be suffering. (Levy, 2010) • Sweden has a reputation for its health-conscious society, as such, most health costs are paid for by employers or taxes.

  19. Happiness and Lifestyle in Sweden • Sweden takes care of its people: • All workers are entitled to 5 weeks of paid vacation per year • They are also entitled to 480 days of maternity and paternity leave after the birth of a child, and 120 days annually thereafter to take care of their children when sick • Education is free from age 6 through university (The Official Gateway to Sweden, n.d.)

  20. ("Pakistan flag," )

  21. Depression and Anxiety in Pakistan • A 2000 study on the prevalence of stress in Pakistan suggests that over 40% of the country is depressed, with around 25% of males and 57% of females being affected. • The study also suggests that the rate of depression in Pakistan is higher than other developing countries due to the high levels of social adversity across the population. (Hussain, Creed, & Tomenson, 2000)

  22. Depression and Anxiety in Pakistan • Some believe that depression is less likely to occur in more rural areas of Pakistan, but a 2009 study suggests otherwise. In this study, 43.1% of 260 people interviewed were concluded to suffer from anxiety and depression. The study took place in a rural village in Sindh, Pakistan. (Luni, Ansari, Jawad, Dawson, & Baig, 2009)

  23. Depression and Anxiety in Pakistan • A third study published in 2007 also found a regional variance in depression: • 35.7% of the population is depressed in Karachi, Pakistan • 43.9% of the population is depressed in Quetta, Pakistan • 53.4% of the population is depression in Lahore, Pakistan (Gadit & Mugford , 2007)

  24. Depression and Anxiety in Pakistan • Pakistan ranks #58 of 155 in happiness, with 73% of its population considered struggling or suffering. (Levy, 2010) • Depression in Pakistan is believed to be closely tied to social unrest and financial complications in one’s life. • Of the 128,073 physicians in Pakistan, only 250 are trained as psychiatrists. (Gadit & Mugford, 2007)

  25. NY Times – Class Dismissed

  26. Mercy Corps – Providing water to flood victims

  27. Depression and Anxiety in Pakistan • The aforementioned studies have speculated that social unrest, lack of education, and lifestyle difficulties are leading contributors to the distress that Pakistanis experience. • The links established to education and lifestyle are especially evident in the videos depicting hardships amongst Pakistani people.

  28. The Differences • What has been presented is the picture of a developing country that greatly suffers in its struggle towards progress. In a country where nearly half the population suffers from depression, social distress and chaos is present. This is even more obvious when put beside the profile of a developed country, like Sweden.

  29. The Differences • As you have gathered, Pakistan is a developing country that suffers from widespread poverty, social conflict, and poor recovery from natural disasters. • Sweden is considered a developed country, with democratic ideals and little poverty, social conflict, and easy recovery from natural disasters.

  30. The Differences • The drastic contrast between a developed nation and one that is the victim of severe discord is striking, but also provides insight into the causes of the latter’s misfortune. Insight which may prove to be very useful in finding a solution to the Pakistani people’s distress.

  31. Possible Solutions • It is not hard to see that the major driving force behind Pakistan’s troubles is terrorism. Government policy can do nothing against a population’s fear for safety in their own country. • Eliminate terrorism, and the government will not have to compete for the reigns of its own country.

  32. Possible Solutions • If terrorism is ever to be eliminated in Pakistan, then the government can, hopefully, start moving towards progress in aiding its impoverished population. • Pakistan already receives a great deal of humanitarian aid – considered the 14th largest recipient of aid in 2008. (Global Humanitarian Assistance, 2010) • In 2008, Pakistan received $1.5billion aid. (GHA, 2010)

  33. Possible Solutions • 36.6% of total aid is put towards economic infrastructure and services • 7.7% is put towards government and civil society • 3.7% is put towards other social infrastructure and services • 3% is put towards water and sanitation • 6.4% is put towards health • 10.1% is put towards population and reproductive health • 8.5% is put towards education (GHA, 2010)

  34. Possible Solutions • Perhaps if the government and population ever recovers from the damages of terrorism, aid can be focused on eliminating poverty and health concerns across Pakistan. Then, the population can experience real progress towards peace of mind and higher living standards. And depression can become manageable, and lower in occurrence.

  35. Bibliography • Mohammud Gadit, AA, & Mugford, G. (2007). Prevalence of depression among households in three capital cities of pakistan: need to revise the mental health policy. PLoS ONE, 2(2), Retrieved from http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0000209 • Hussain, N, Creed, F, & Tomenson, B. (2000). Depression and social stress in pakistan. Psychological Medicine, 30(2), Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10824659 • Blanchflower, D, & Oswald, A. (2008). Hypertension and happiness across nations. Journal of Health Economics, 27(2), Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167629607001154 • Luni, FK, Ansari, B, Jawad, A, Dawson, A, & Baig, SM. (2009). Prevalence of depression and anxiety in a village in sindh. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, 21(2), Retrieved from http://ayubmed.edu.pk/JAMC/PAST/21-2/Faraz.pdf

  36. Bibliography • BBC. (2011, January 28). Pakistan floods still claiming lives, six months on. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12308913 • BBC. (2011, July 29). Pakistan boy on life after floods. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/impact_asia/9551678.stm • BBC. (2011, August 02). Fighting in pakistani city of karachi claims 34 lives. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-14370779 • BBC. (2011, July 30). Shia muslims killed in pakistan attack. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-14353085

  37. Bibliography • BBC. (2010, June 19). In pictures: sweden's royal wedding. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10358887 • CNN. (2008, October 08). Pakistan puts quake toll at 18,000. Retrieved from http://articles.cnn.com/2005-10-08/world/quake.pakistan_1_quake-toll-islamabad-death-toll?_s=PM:WORLD • Washington Post. (2010). Pakistan floods: drowned agricultural economy means more misery. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/pakistan-floods-drowned-agricultural-economy-means-more-misery/2010/07/30/gIQAkfuApI_gallery.html#photo=8 • Schmitt, E. (2008, May 01). Terrorist attacks in pakistan rising, u.s. reports. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/01/world/americas/01iht-01terror.12474736.html

  38. Bibliography • South Asia Terrorism Portal. (2011). Pakistan assessment 2011. Retrieved from http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/ • U.S. Geology Survey. (2007, October 07). Magnitude 7.6 - pakistan. Retrieved from http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2005/usdyae/ • Central Intelligence Agency, (2009). The world factbook: pakistan Washington, DC: Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pk.html • Central Intelligence Agency, (2009). The world factbook: sweden Washington, DC: Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sw.html

  39. Bibliography • Transparency International. (2010). Corruption perceptions index 2010 results. Retrieved from http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results • Human Development Reports. (n.d.). International human development indicators: pakistan. Retrieved from http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/PAK.html • Human Development Reports. (n.d.). International human development indicators: sweden. Retrieved from http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/SWE.html • Randecker, E, & Lagerberg, R. (2011, January 28). Swedish fashion — from h&m to the runway. Retrieved from http://www.thelocal.se/followsweden/article/Swedish-fashion--from-HM-to-the-runway/

  40. Bibliography • Levy, F. (2010, July 14). Table: the world's happiest countries. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/2010/07/14/world-happiest-countries-lifestyle-realestate-gallup-table.html • The Official Gateway to Sweden. (n.d.). A good life. Retrieved from http://www.sweden.se/eng/Home/Work/Labor-market/Salary-and-standard-of-living/A-good-life/ • Global Humanitarian Assitance. (2010, August 17). Pakistan: country aid factsheet. Retrieved from http://www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Pakistan-Aid-Factsheet-1995-20091.pdf • Haanpää, S, Lehtonen, S, Peltonen, L, & Talockaite, E. (n.d.). Impacts of winter storm gudrun of 7th – 9th january 2005 and measures taken in baltic sea region. Retrieved from http://www.gsf.fi/projects/astra/sites/download/ASTRA_WSS_report_final.pdf

  41. Bibliography • AFP. (Photographer). (2010). Sweden's crown princess victoria.. [Web]. Retrieved from http://images.smh.com.au/ftsmh/ffximage/2009/02/25/princess_victoria_narrowweb__300x441,0.jpg • Stockholm. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.banaani.info/userfiles/stockholm.jpg • Wedding of princess victoria of sweden: the wedding dress. (2010). [Web]. Retrieved from http://img.trendencias.com/2010/06/princesa-victoria-look-vestido-boda-suecia-victoria.jpg • Freedia, B. (Photographer). (2010). 'sissy bounce': gender-bending booty shaking comes to stockholm. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.thelocal.se/articleImages/35302.jpg

  42. Bibliography • But who in sweden cannot climb on a cycle without a thought and toddle off?. [Web]. Retrieved from http://networkdispatches.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/sweden-bike-class-small.jpg • H&M, Initials. (Photographer). H&m make affordable swedish fashion, while high-end designers take fashion to another level.. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.sweden.se/ImageVaultFiles/id_469/cf_137/st_edited/FXgDhq9Bq4CGoB6iHWQD.jpg • Stormen gudrun, sweden - sonnarp. stormen gudrun. (2005). [Web]. Retrieved from http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3584/3353299245_92da36f50f.jpg • Royal canal tour. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.stromma.se/imageengine/cache/u.4057728905.s0.k600.jpg

  43. Bibliography • Swedish girls. [Web]. Retrieved from http://amazingdata.com/mediadata9/Image/amazing_fun_quaint_weird_offbeat_200907291116173.jpg • Shops and vehicles have been set ablaze. (2011). [Web]. Retrieved from http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/54392000/jpg/_54392131_54392130.jpg • Terrorist attack. [Web]. Retrieved from http://topnews.in/law/files/terrorist-attack.jpg • Pakistan earthquake. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.thepakistanquake.com/pakistan-earthquake-pictures-1.jpg

  44. Bibliography • A man walks through the waterlogged street in northwest pakistan's peshawar on july 22, 2010.. (2010). [Web]. Retrieved from http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/photo/2010-07/22/13410476_31n.jpg • Ahmed, F. (Photographer). (2008). Paramilitary soldiers guard the streets in quetta, pakistan.. [Web]. Retrieved from http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2008/03/22/pakistan10a.jpg • Penn, C. (Photographer). Diseases thrive in streets where there is no decent sewerage or rubbish disposal.. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.wateraid.org/images/cm_images/Pk_street_web.jpg • Tanveer, K. (Photographer). Pakistani poor people struggle to get free food at a local shrine in multan, pakistan on thursday, oct 16, 2008. . [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.thestatesmen.net/wp-content/uploads/Pakistan-poverty.jpg

  45. Bibliography • Poverty pangs. [Web]. Retrieved from http://southasia.oneworld.net/ImageCatalog/pak-children.jpg • This year's anti-poverty day falls in the middle of a global financial crisis. [Web]. Retrieved from http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/45116000/jpg/_45116652_-4.jpg • RAWA. (Photographer). Retrieved from http://betterworld4all.org/images/kabul_sep07_34.jpg • Pakistan on the streets. (2010). [Web]. Retrieved from http://nimg.sulekha.com/others/original700/pakistan-daily-life-2010-1-7-9-11-22.jpg

  46. Bibliography • An afghan refugee boy, right, pauses while a girl, left, fetches water at a hand pump for a boy to clean his feet in an alley. [Web]. Retrieved from http://nimg.sulekha.com/others/original700/pakistan-poverty-day-2010-10-17-9-10-49.jpg • Xmas spirit in gothenburg. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/life/images/attachement/jpg/site1/20081223/00221917eae80aba9c173e.jpg • Stockholm scenery. [Web]. Retrieved from http://sc.bitscn.com/CD1/Scenery/06/DOT_Scenery_06_Stockholm_Sweden_2.jpg • Tourism. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.amazingonly.com/Photos/Tour/Sweden_Places_09.jpg

  47. Bibliography • Gothia towers hotel. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.hotel-board.com/picture/gothia-towers-hotel-67352.jpg • Swedish flag. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.sweden.se/upload/Sweden_se/english/articles/SI/2006%20uppdaterad/Swedish%20national%20day/swedish_flag_sweden.jpg • Pakistan flag. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.aanchal.com.pk/pakistan-flag/eSearchBook.1228897740.PakistanFlag.jpg • NY Times. (Producer). (2009). Class dismissed. [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ZG5IdnJn4I

  48. Bibliography • Mercy Corps. (Producerr). (2011). Pakistan floods - six months on: water & sanitation in sindh with mercy corps . [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C87cke8Jgho

More Related