1 / 10

Development, Democratization, and Governance in Asia

Development, Democratization, and Governance in Asia. Measuring Development. GDP per capita https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html Gini Coefficient https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html

bunny
Télécharger la présentation

Development, Democratization, and Governance in Asia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Development, Democratization, and Governance in Asia

  2. Measuring Development • GDP per capita https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html • Gini Coefficient https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html • Human Development Index http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Table2.pdf • Gender Empowerment Measure/Gender Inequality Index http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Table4.pdf

  3. The Political Economy of Development • Early assessments of development focused on economics without attention to political concerns • Intranational development has become a focus of present developmental studies • Questions about the relationship between politics and economics have become a central theme of developmental studies

  4. Idioms of Development and Political Legitimacy • Normative concept • Idioms include concept of nation and state favored by the ideology of development • India – Gandhi criticized western idioms of development including industrialization and centralization but the capture of the state bureaucracy led to the pursuit of development through industrialization and centralization • China – Development contest hotly contested with consensus forming around four modernizations and market socialism. Economic growth and material consumption play an important role in the legitimacy of CCP • Japan – Meiji Restoration destroyed Tokugawa Shogunate to bring about development through bureaucracy, formal constitution, zaibatsu, and a strong military – After World War II development strategy focused on reconstruction and political-bureaucratic cooperation

  5. Democracy and Development • Deepak Lal – Democracy can lead to more rent seeking and inefficient uses of resources • Amy Chua – The simultaneous development of markets and democracy can have potentially serious consequences • AmartyaSen – Deprivations of freedom do not help economic growth – democracy can prevent famines

  6. Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness • Development brings goods and bads • Gross National Happiness used as a measure to keep development on track – quality of life, rather than quantity of material goods – sustainable and equitable development – preservation of cultural values – environmental conservation – good governance

  7. World Bank Institute, Governance Indicators 1998 and 2007

  8. Governance • Voice and Accountability – political parties and elections as well as informal dimensions • Civil Society – Voluntary associations not regulated by state or under authority of family – decline of authoritarian monarchy and rise of capitalism – decline of communism – western bias towards separation of state and society – not part of Confucian or Islamic political theory

  9. Environmental Voices Transforming Asian Politics • India – Rajini Kothari – contradictions between idioms of development and interests of the poor – Narmada BachaoAndolan – SardarSarovar Project - Dam project will displace 300,000 Indians – Water Disputes Tribunal 1969 – Construction began 1987 – MedhaPatkar led non-violent protests and hunger strikes against project – project continued and resettlement issues unresolved • China – Three Gorges Dam Project – Dai Qing banned for stirring up problems – millions dislocated by project –NPC 30% did not vote to support project – protest against chemical factory at Xiamen, Fujian Province – Protest against polluting Dongting and Tai Lake – Wu Lihong arrested for protests – Kevin J. O’Brien calls such efforts “rightful resistance” – Use of Communist Party ideology and law as tools for Middle Class resistance • Japan – Corporatism – Sheldon Garon “social management” – soft means of social control – cooperation of business, LDP politicians and state agencies – Society against the Nagara River Estuary Dam Construction – Successful in mobilizing popular support but ultimately failed – local corruption protests linked with international movements

  10. Summary • Development has stimulated multi-faceted complex civil society movements • Citizens are not passive in the face of actions perceived to be harmful to their interests • Elites have tended to succeed in maneuvering successfully against these civil society protests

More Related