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AAC Global Analysis

AAC Global Analysis. shunzo.kumano@kek.jp http:// research.kek.jp/people/kumanos /. Naohito Saito (KEK) for Shunzo Kumano High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Graduate University for Advanced Studies (GUAS). AAC: http:// spin.riken.bnl.gov/aac /. Contents.

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AAC Global Analysis

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  1. AAC Global Analysis shunzo.kumano@kek.jp http://research.kek.jp/people/kumanos/ Naohito Saito (KEK) for ShunzoKumano High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Graduate University for Advanced Studies (GUAS) AAC: http://spin.riken.bnl.gov/aac/

  2. Contents Introduction to polarized PDFs Global analysis of longitudinally polarized PDFs  Polarized PDFs of AAC AAC (Asymmetry Analysis Collaboration)

  3. Papers on polarized PDFs T. Gehrmann and W. J. Stirling, Z. Phys. C65 (1995) 461; Phys. Rev. D53 (1996) 6100. D. de Florian, L. N. Epele, H. Fanchiotti, C. A. Garcia Canal, and R. Sassot (+G. A. Navarro), Phys. Rev. D51 (1995) 37; D57 (1998) 5803; D62 (2000) 094025; D71 (2005) 094018. M. Glück, E. Reya, M. Stratmann, and W. Vogelsang, Phys. Lett. B359 (1995) 201; Phys. Rev. D53 (1996) 4775; D63 (2001) 094005. D. de Florian, R. Sassot, M. Stratmann, and W. Vogelsang, arXiv:0804.0422 [hep-ph]. G. Altarelli, R. D. Ball, S. Forte, and G. Ridolfi, Nucl. Phys. B496 (1997) 337; Acta Phys. Pol. B29 (1998) 1145. C. Bourrely, F. Buccella, O. Pisanti, P. Santorelli, and J. Soffer, Prog. Theor. Phys. 99 (1998) 1017; Eur. Phys. J. C23 (2002) 487; C41 (2005) 327; Phys. Lett. B648 (2007) 39. L. E. Gordon, M. Goshtasbpour, and G. P. Ramsey, Phys. Rev. D58 (1998) 094017. SMC (B. Adeva et al.), Phys. Rev. D58 (1998) 112002. E. Leader, A. V. Sidrov, and D. B. Stamenov, Phys. Rev. D58 (1998) 114028; Eur. Phys. J. C23 (2002) 479; PRD67 (2003) 074017; JHEP 0506 (2005) 033; PRD73 (2006) 034023; D75 (2007) 074027. AAC (Y. Goto et al., M. Hirai et al.), PRD62 (2000) 034017; D69 (2004) 054021; D74 (2006) 014015. J. Bartelski and S. Tatur, Phys. Rev. D65 (2002) 034002. J. Blümlein and H. Böttcher, Nucl. Phys. B636 (2002) 225. It is likely that I miss some papers! (Analyses of experimental groups)

  4. Situation of data for polarized PDFs Neutrino factory: ~10 years later Small-x: EIC (eRHIC, ELIC) ? Charm: EIC (eRHIC, ELIC) ? RHIC-Spin program should play an important role in determining polarized PDFs. RHIC pp: RHIC J-PARC GSI-FAIR (MRST, hep/ph-9803445)

  5. It may be possible to remove small Q2 data in an analysis of unpolarized PDFs, whereas it is difficult to remove them in g1 (or A1). (from H1 and ZEUS, hep-ex/0502008) F2 data for the proton [AAC, PRD74 (2006) 014015]

  6. Comments on the previous figure

  7. Asymmetry Analysis Collaboration (AAC) http://spin.riken.bnl.gov/aac/ Original Members: Y. Goto, N. Hayashi, M. Hirai,H. Horikawa, S. Kumano, M. Miyama, T. Morii, N. Saito, T.-A. Shibata, E. Taniguchi, T. Yamanishi (Theorist, Experimentalist) Three publications: (AAC00) Y. Goto et al., Phys. Rev. D62 (2000) 034017. (AAC03) M. Hirai, S. Kumano, N. Saito, Phys. Rev. D69 (2004) 054021; (AAC06) D74 (2006) 014015. Active members now

  8.  2000 version (AAC00) - Q2 dependence of A1, positivity - q at small and large x   issue  2004 version (AAC03) - uncertainty estimation (very large g uncertainty, impact of accurate g1p (E155)) - error correlation between g and q  2006 version (AAC06) - include RHIC-Spin 0 (g uncertainty is significantly reduced) - g at large x ? (Q2 difference between HERMES and COMPASS) - g<0 solution at x<0.1  2008 ? - effects of future JLab data (g1d) on g

  9. General strategies for determining polarized PDFs Leading Order (LO) Next to Leading Order (NLO) Unpolarized PDFs

  10. Initial distributions χ2fit to the data [p, n (3He), d] • We analyzed the data with the following conditions. • unpolarized PDF GRV98 • initial Q2Q02 = 1 GeV 2 • number of flavor Nf = 3

  11. Analysis procedure

  12. AAC00(Some Highlights)

  13. Actual fit to A1 data(AAC00) proton * Used data set as raw as Possible deuteron “neutron”

  14. 0.4 LO NLO 0.35 E143 x = 0.117 p SMC 0.3 HERMES 0.25 A 1 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.5 1 10 100 2 2 Q (GeV ) A1 is Q2 dependent especially at small Q2(< 2 GeV2). Q2 dependence of A1 Q2 independence assumption was sometimes used for getting g1 from A1 data. Figure from AAC00 analysis The lack of accurate Q2 dependent data at small x makes the determination of g very difficult.

  15. 0.35 0.3 a = 1 .6 q LSS 0.25 a = 1 .0 q 0.2 SMC a = 0.5 0.15 q 0.1 a AAC ( : free) q 0.05 0 0.000001 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 x min “Spin content” DS (from AAC00)

  16. AAC03 (Some Highlights)

  17. Error estimation Hessian method 2() is expanded around its minimum  0 ( =parameter) where the Hessian matrix is defined by In the2analysis,1 standard error is The error of a distribution F(x) is given by

  18. AAC03 uncertainties Polarized PDFs (AAC03) AAC00 uncertainties AAC00  AAC03 (with E155-p) • PDF uncertainties are reduced by including precise (E155-p) data • Valence-quark distributions are well determined • Small uncertainties ofDuv, Ddv • Antiquark uncertainty is significantly reduced • g1p  4Duv+ Ddv+12Dq • Dg(x) is not determined • Large uncertainty • Indirect contribution to g1p • Correlation with antiquark E155 data

  19. (A1exp-A1theo)/A1theo at the same Q2 point

  20. Correlation betweenDq(x) andDg(x) g=0 uncertainties AAC03 uncertainties • analysis withDg(x)=0 at Q2=1 GeV2 2/d.o.f. = 0.915 • Dqv(x)uncertainties are not affected • antiquark uncertainties are reduced Strong correlation withDg(x) Note: correlation withDg(x) is almost terminated in theDg=0 analysis The error band shrinks due to the correlation with g(x).

  21. From PANIC05 talk Trial Fit! • Utilized NLO p0 calculation (thanks to Vogelsang and Stratmann) • to find “relevant-x” for each pT bin • Trial Fit to • A*x (GRSV ~ 1*x) • A*x*x

  22. AAC06

  23. Gluon polarization at large x AAC, PRD74 (2006) 014015: Analysis without higher-twist effects NLO This term is terminated. CG=0 x=0.001 x=0.3 x=0.05

  24. However, it may be a higher-twist effect. LSS, PRD73 (2006) 034023. Leading Twist (LT) Higher Twist (HT) LT fit LT+HT fit LT+HT fit, only LT term is shown At this stage, we cannot conclude that the difference between the HERMES and COMPASS data should be 100% HT or HT+G(large x)>0, or 100% G(large x)>0 effects.

  25. Parton interactions Fragmentation functions Parton distribution functions Description of 0 production

  26. Subprocesses (from Torii’s talk at Pacific-Spin05) The 0 production process is suitable for finding the gluon polarization g.

  27. Comparison of fragmentation functions in pion (KKP) Kniehl, Kramer, Pötter (AKK) Albino, Kniehl, Kramer (HKNS) Hirai, Kumano, Nagai, Sudoh (DSS) de Florian, Sassot, Stratmann • • Gluon and light-quark • fragmentation functions have • large uncertainties, but they • are within the uncertainty bands. • The functions of KKP, Kretzer, AKK, DSS, and HKNS are consistent with each other. All the parametrizations agree in charm and bottom functions. M. Hirai, SK, T.-H. Nagai, K. Sudoh, PRD75 (2007) 094009. A code is available at http://research.kek.jp/people/kumanos/ffs.html

  28. AAC03 Analysis with RHIC pion data AAC06 (with PHENIX π0) (AAC06)

  29. 0production data do not distinguish between g < 0 and g > 0 Possibility of negative gluon polarization g<0 Possibility of a node-type ∆g(x) for explaining pT=2.38 GeV (Type 3).

  30. Roles of RHIC-pion data Polarized PDFs, especially g, are better determined by the additional RHIC-0 data. (AAC06)

  31. Gluon polarization from lepton scattering S. Koblitz@DIS07 (AAC06)

  32. Situation of g1 measurementsand polarized PDF errors

  33. Comparison with other parameterizations

  34. 1st moments • GRSV01(Sta) [ Phys. Rev. D63 (2001) 094005 ] • LSS01 (MS) [ Eur.Phys.J. C23 (2002) 479 ] • BB02 (SET3) [ Nucl. Phys. B636 (2002) 225 ] • DNS05 (KKP) [ Phys. Rev. D71 (2005) 094018 ] (Q2=10 GeV2 )

  35. AAC08 ?

  36. “positive” x “node” Two initial functions for∆g(x) Effects of expected JLab E07-011 data “Expected data” from Xiaodong Jiang AAC asymmetries Analyses with / without E07-011 data in comparison with effects of RHIC π0 data

  37. Positivity is not satisfied at this stage! Effects of expected JLab E07-011 data preliminary preliminary

  38. Significant improvements Note: π0 data are from run-5 although it may not be a good idea to compare future data with past ones. preliminary Positivity is not satisfied. ∆g(x) with PHENIX run-5 or JLab E07-011 data preliminary JLab-E07-011 is comparable to RHIC run-5 π0 in determining ∆g(x).

  39. Duv(x),Ddv(x)are determined well DS =0.27  0.07 (Q2= 1 GeV2 ) Dg(x) could not be well constrained • Uncertainties of polarized PDFs • Effects of E155-proton data • Global analysis also with g=0 • Error correlation between g and q Summary of the AAC global analysis for polarized PDFs AAC03 AAC06 • Better g determination by RHIC-pion • g determination at large x by scaling violation • (HERMES, COMPASS) • Possibility of a node-type g • (g>0 at x>0.1, g<0 at x<0.1) AAC08 ? in progress AAC-polarized-pdfs code could be obtained from http://spin.riken.bnl.gov/aac/

  40. The End The End

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