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Demand for bus and Rail

This study investigates the higher demand for rail transit compared to bus transit in the Tel Aviv-Haifa corridor, where both modes operate under similar levels of service. The research outlines corridor descriptions, level of service comparisons, passenger surveys, and key findings regarding socioeconomic factors and reasons for mode preference. Key conclusions highlight the role of comfort and passenger demographics in transit mode choice, with recommendations for future research on psychological influences affecting transit preferences.

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Demand for bus and Rail

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  1. Demand for bus and Rail Analyzing a corridor with a similar Level Of Service 5th Israeli-British/Irish Workshop in Regional Science April, 2007

  2. The Question • Does the higher demand for Rail transit compares to Bus transit is a result of differences in Level Of Service variables or of the Passenger attitude toward the transit technology? The problem • Lack of transit corridors where both transit modes are operated in a similar level of service.

  3. Presentation Outline • Description of the selected corridor • Description of transit Level Of Sercive in the selected corridor • Transit mode split in the selected corridor • Passengers survey conducted in the selected corridor • Survey results and conclusions

  4. Tel Aviv metropolitan area : North section The corridor – Haifa – Tel Aviv Maximum distance between modes is less than 2 km

  5. The corridor – Stations and route Similar service areas for both transit modes Rail: Serves exclusively the Binyamina area Bus: A broader alighting service in Tel Aviv

  6. Level of service – SurveyLimitations • Congestion at sections of Bus route between 7-9 am • Straight rail service was not taken into account

  7. Level of service – Cost and Headway Daily DeparturesTravelCost (in INS) Similar travel cost Similar number of departures, rail frequency is a bit higher in Rush hours

  8. Level of service – In vehicle travel time Travel time comparison* *Rail – Taken from timetable *Bus – Time taken on vehicle In vehicle travel time difference is no more than12 min

  9. Level of service – Comfort Rail Bus Wider seats and tables Privacy advantage

  10. Mode split – Rail and Bus Source: Israel railways counts at Hof Hakarmel st., Survey counts on Buses

  11. The survey – Rationality • Comparison between travel habits in two transit modes which supply similar level of service

  12. The survey – Data collecting • Conducted at the intermodal station inHof Hakarmel between 9-15 • Bus: At the waiting area • Rail: At the platform • Questionnaires were given for all waiting passengers (ap. 5 min needed to fill up the questionnaire) • Passengers that arrive in the last minutes are not included in the survey • Total collected: • Rail: 101 questionnaires • Bus: 107 questionnaires

  13. The survey – The questionnaire • 3 parts: • Trip charasteristics • (13 questions) • 2. Passenger characteristics • (12 questions) • 3. Passengers Attitude • (5 questions)

  14. Results – Passenger characteristics Number of vehicles per Household Income Rail passengers belong to a higher socioeconomic group compare to bus passengers

  15. Results – Travel characteristics Availability of private car Access mode Private car is a dominant mode as an access mode for rail Availability of private car is greater for rail passengers

  16. Results – Rail used where bus should have been preferred Neve tzedek Herzeliya industry area 2500 m 1000 m 500 m 500 m Large share of rail passengers (42%) doesn’t save time when using rail mode

  17. Results – Passengers attitude Satisfaction by mode Reason for choosing the mode Comfort and time cost are the main reasons for using rail mode Large share of bus free riders

  18. Conclusions • Mismatch in the level of service and mode choice • Rail attracts higher income passengers • Large share of rail passengers don’t save time by using rail service • Comfort is the main reason for preferring the rail

  19. Future research • The validity of the assumption that rail level of service embedded in bus will attract the same number of passengers is questionable • The effect of subjective (psychological) factors on the feeling of comfort on bus vs. rail should be investigated

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