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Strategies Based On Threats. Ling Zhao University of Alberta March 10, 2003. Comparative evaluation of strategies based on the values of direct threats by Tristan Cazenave in Board Games in Academia V, Barcelona, 2002. Outline. Motivations Direct threats Thermograph Threat strategies
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Strategies Based On Threats Ling Zhao University of Alberta March 10, 2003 Comparative evaluation of strategies based on the values of direct threats by Tristan Cazenave in Board Games in Academia V, Barcelona, 2002.
Outline • Motivations • Direct threats • Thermograph • Threat strategies • Experimental results
Motivations • Apply combinatorial game theory to Go - independent subgames - approach the best stategy
Direct threats • Each subgame has at most two moves
Root of the tree Black: 22 points White: 15 points Value: 7 points for black
Sequence after two black moves Black: 25 points White: 14 points Value: 11 points for black
Direct threat: 4 values A, B, C, D with A >= B >= C >= D Denoted as (A, B, C, D) After one black move => (A,B) After one white move => (C,D)
Problem model • Given a set of independent subgames with direct threats, how to compute good moves fast and accurately. (A1,B1,C1,D1) (A2,B2,C2,D2) . . . (An, Bn, Cn, Dn) Choose which subgame to play a move?
Thermograph • Temperature: 6.5 • Mean value: -4.5 Thermograph for direct threat (4,0,-6,-16)
Strategies • Optimal stategy: brute force (NP-hard?) • BMove: compare the best Left move (A,B,C,D) => value B (A,B) => value A • MaxMove: (A,B,C,D) => value B-C (A,B) => value A-B
Stategies • Sente Strategy A – B > MaxV => Sente C – D > MaxV => Reverse Sente Sente or Reverse Sente => MaxV *= 2 both => MaxV *= 4 • SenteQ Strategy Always choose sente or reverse sente moves first. Use MaxV to break ties.
Stategies • HotStrat: compare temperature • ThermoStrat: adding all the thermographs of all the subgame to choose the best subgame to play in.
Experimental results • Randomly choose 5 subgames (A>=B>=C>=D) • 8 Strategies playing against each other (56 games one round) • 100 rounds
Conclusions • Simple strategy is good enough! • Hotstrat strategy is easy to implement and can get 12% improvement. Problems (my thoughts) • Impact of imprecise evaluation? • How to generalize to more than 2 plies?